Determined, page 56
meta-level, 16
neuroscience and, 32
preconsciousness, 30–33, 434n
unconscious, 32
conservatism, political, 259
consistency, in illusion of agency, 26
convergence, 143, 151–53
Conway, John, 142
Conway’s Game of Life, 142–43
cooperation, 252, 359–60, 362, 364, 365
Copenhagen interpretation, 211
cortex, 101, 166–68, 167, 189, 325–26, 430
COVID-19 pandemic, 128, 184, 226n, 290n, 347, 350, 355n, 372
CREB, 278, 283, 287
Crick, Francis, 247, 250, 251, 265
criminal behavior, 4, 5, 7, 100, 347, 390
brain damage and, 99, 112
epilepsy associated with, 309
free will and, 86–87, 351, 355
intent in, 36–42, 45
precrime apprehension and, 352–53
premeditation in, 37–38, 86
punishment for, see punishment
quarantine model for, 349–55, 359
“funishment” and, 353–55, 379
indefinite detention and, 352
preemptive constraint and, 352–53
recidivism and, 112, 343, 349, 354–55
restorative justice and, 348–49
truth and reconciliation model for, 347–48
violent versus nonviolent, 103
criminal justice system, 378, 382
judges in
parole decisions of, 51, 106–9
sentencing by, 450–51n
reform of, 343–45
criminal trials, 347
author’s involvement with, 7, 37, 383–84
Crone, Damien, 266
culture(s), 9, 15, 64, 74–79, 315, 386
Asian, 75–76, 121–22
bifurcation in, 177–78
genes and, 122
“honor,” 77–78
hunter-gatherer, 77, 79n, 252, 359, 363, 365
individualistic versus collectivist, 74–76, 121–22, 200n
PFC and, 120–22
“tight” versus “loose,” 78
curare, 422
D
Dahmer, Jeffrey, 366
Dalai Lama, 40n
Dale, Henry, 420, 426n
Damiens, Robert-François, 345–47, 346, 376n, 377
Darwin, Charles, 359–60, 387
Dawkins, Richard, 151n, 234n
Dawkins’ weasel, 234n
Deaf people, 324
death, 386
Death of Psychiatry, The (Torrey), 332
death penalty, 376–78
execution, 376n, 382
changing attitudes toward, 376–77
by electric chair, 368, 373, 376, 377
by firing squad, 152–53
by guillotine, 486n
by hanging, 355–58, 358, 368, 376, 377, 486n
by lethal injection, 152, 373–75, 377, 382
victims’ families and, 378
de Bivort, Benjamin, 120
decision fatigue, 106n
Deep Blue, 155n
default mode network, 227–28
Delasiauve, Louis, 310
dementia, 95, 99n, 111, 150, 350, 353
Alzheimer’s disease, 206, 462n
Democratic National Convention of 1968, 245
dendrites, 57, 111, 113, 159, 168n, 171–77, 172, 181, 219, 220, 409–20, 409, 418, 423–24, 423, 424, 426n, 427
schizophrenia and, 326
Dennett, Daniel, 42–43, 83, 87–89, 231–34, 389–90, 392
nefarious neurosurgeon parable of, 390, 391
Depp, Johnny, 358n
depression, 26n, 58, 59, 68, 110–11, 115, 387, 398
among atheists, 253, 257
author’s struggles with, 389n
medications for, 287, 422
Depression, Great, 487n
Derrida, Jacques, 394n
desert, basic, 11
desert versus rain forest dwellers, 76–77
detective work, 128
determinism, 3, 154, 202, 210, 241, 243, 301
change and, see change
chaotic systems and, 147–53, 154
defining, 15–17
determinability versus, 148, 205
free will as compatible with, 10–14, 33, 33n, 35, 42, 92, 93, 193, 387
chaos theory and, 147, 148
criminal behavior and, 87
Libet-style experiments and, 27–29, 32
moral responsibility and, 38n
free will as incompatible with, 10–12, 33, 33n, 154, 193
moral responsibility and, 38n, 391–92
indeterminism
determined, 225, 238
emergent, 193–96, 194
quantum, see quantum indeterminacy
with free will, 11
without free will, 11
Laplacian, 15, 147, 204, 206
moral responsibility and, 38n, 391–92
neurons and, 192, 193
neuroscience and, 13
and Pierre Simon Laplace, 15, 147, 204, 206
predictability and, 148–51, 154, 160, 193, 196, 205
unique evolution and, 193
diabetes, 395
diffusion-based geometry, 176
Discipline and Punish (Foucault), 376n
diseases
genetic, 8n, 323
infectious, 78
disgust, 47–50, 121, 254, 371
disinhibition, 99
distal versus proximal explanations, 41n, 365
Distant Mirror, A (Tuchman), 341
dlPFC (dorsolateral PFC), 101–3, 107, 109–11, 115, 117, 119, 121, 227
DNA, 69–71, 73–74, 128n, 231, 275n, 468n
cheating in, 360
transposons, 360–61n, 361
doctors, 106, 267
dogs, 439n
Domenici, Pete, 332–33
Domotor, Zoltan, 149
Donahue, Phil, 333, 334
dopamine, 54, 72, 73, 75, 101n, 108, 110, 113, 115, 122, 315, 324, 397, 420, 421, 442n
DRD4 gene and, 76n
Parkinson’s disease and, 108n, 328n, 422
punishment and, 371
schizophrenia and, 324, 326–28, 335n
Dorigo, Marco, 163n
dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC), 101–3, 107, 109–11, 115, 117, 119, 121, 227
Doss, Desmond, 91
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 252
double-slit experiment, 208–10
downward causation, 200–201, 235–37
Driver, Minnie, 185n
Dr. Strangelove, 25n
drugs, see medications
Dutch Hunger Winter, 68n, 323
dyslexia, 339
E
East Asian cultures, 75–76, 121–22
eating disorders, 111, 119, 398
Eccles, John, 216–17, 221, 223
economic games, 51–53, 54n, 101, 262, 264, 361, 363
Ultimatum Game, 361, 362, 364, 371
ecosystems, 79n
educational attainment, relative age effect in, 67, 67
Edwards, Lischia, 355–57
EEG (electroencephalogram), 20–22, 27, 28, 39, 247–48
ego depletion, 106n
Ehrenfest, Paul, 221
80:20 rule, 183–86, 183
Eilenberger, Gert, 147, 148
Einstein, Albert, 206, 210, 212
Eisenhower, Dwight D. “Ike,” 339
Elbow Room (Dennett), 42–43
electric chair, 368, 373, 376, 377
electricity, 309
electroencephalogram (EEG), 20–22, 27, 28, 39, 247–48
electrons, 209–13, 217, 237
Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church massacre, 381
emergent complexity, 125, 154–91, 192, 392
adaptiveness in, 155, 158, 159, 161, 178, 181, 185, 186, 190, 197, 239, 241
in ant behavior, 156–59, 160n, 161–63, 165–67, 191, 196, 198
in bee behavior, 158, 160–61, 163n, 165, 166
in bifurcating structures, 169–79, 169, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178
in brain, 189–91
in Cantor set, 169–71, 169
in circulatory system, 159, 171–74, 171, 174n, 176
downward causality in, 200–201
80:20 rule and, 183–86, 183
entities orphaned from cause and effect in, 196–97
and fitting large things into small spaces, 169–79
free will and, 192–202
indeterminism in, 193–96, 194
in Koch snowflake, 170–71, 170
in Menger sponge, 170–71, 170, 171, 205
neurons and, 180–82, 180, 189–90, 190, 192, 193, 200
“scouts” and, 160–68
in slime molds, 163–66, 164, 165, 168, 191, 200, 359
strong versus weak, 197–98
in swarm intelligence, 159, 161, 161n, 190
in toenails, 188–89, 188, 189
unpredictability in, 157–58
urban planning and, 179–82, 200
in water, 157, 163, 200
emotion, 371
cognition and, 100–103
James-Lange theory of, 51n
PFC and, 96, 100–103, 100n, 102, 109–10, 115, 121
empathy, 63, 68, 99n, 109, 110, 121, 351
Emperor’s Mind, The (Penrose), 219
Empty Fortress, The (Bettelheim), 337
endocannabinoids, 287
endocrine system, 56
see also hormones
Enlightenment, 307
entanglement, 211–13, 215–16, 221
environment, 64
biological interactions with, 4, 41, 46, 79–80, 85, 94, 104
genes in, 65–66, 70–73, 119, 150n, 173–74, 240, 266n, 323, 395
use of word, 70
epigenetics, 17, 65–66, 73, 80, 82, 114–15, 174, 240, 285, 383–84, 395, 404
epilepsy, 302–17, 327, 342n, 462n
brain damage and, 308, 309
Christianity and, 305–6
early explanations for, 303–5, 309
demonic possession, 305–7, 316, 317, 327, 383, 404
medications for, 314–16
and moral responsibility for actions, 309–16
neurosurgery for, 24, 25
prevalence of, 308
schizophrenia story compared with, 319, 327
sterilization of people with, 305
stigma attached to, 304–5, 312
violence associated with, 308–10
epistemology, 148
Erdös number, 185n
error-related negativity (ERN) signal, 248
estrogen, 58–59, 61, 109–11, 195
