The Glorious Cause, page 86
_____, Regulars (Continentals), 459, 486–87, 489–90, 497, 499–500, 512–15
and British regulars, 503
and militia, 473, 503–9, 510–11. See also names of individual battles; Revolutionary War, battles of
Army, French, 588–590
Army, German, 123, 421–23, 450, 552, 588. See also Hessians
Arnold, Benedict, 286, 493, 559
and Canada invasion, 310–11, 313, 346–47
on Connecticut coast, 545
at Saratoga, 385, 387, 390
sketch of, 282
at Ticonderoga, 282–83
in Virginia, 476, 607
Articles of Confederation, 617, 619, 623–24, 649, 680–81
and Constitutional Convention, 673
inadequacy of, 641
and taxation, 618
and treaties, 609
Artisans, 159, 192–93, 228, 510, 665, 709
Ashley River (S.C.), 447, 449, 453
Assemblies, Colonial. See names of individual colonies
Association, the, 255, 257, 258–59, 565
provisions of, 253–54
response to, 253–54, 262, 263–66
Assunpink Creek, N.J., 365, 367
Augusta, Ga., 459 Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (mother of George III), 18, 19, 111
Austria, 8, 9, 619
Avery, John, 93
Ayres, Capt, 228–29
Bache, Richard, 324
Balcarres, Maj., the Earl of, 381
Baldwin, Ebenezer, 244
Baltimore, Md., 189
Bancroft, Edward, 409
Bank of England, 24
Bank of North America, 640, 676
Baptists, 51, 248, 623, 634
in Great Awakening, 46–47
in southern colonies, 49
in Virginia, 86
Barbados, W.I., 414
Barras de Saint-Laurent, Louis, Comte de, 582, 584
Barré, Col. Isaac, 78–79, 236
Barren Hill, Pa., battle of, 425–26
Barrett, Col. James, 277, 280
Barrington, Lord William, 88, 112, 163, 176
Bassett, Richard, 680
Baum, Lt. Col. Friedrich, 384
Baxter, Col. William, 361
Beattie’s Ford, N.C., 483
Beaumarchais, Caron de, 403–5
Beaver, 232
Beckford, William, 78
Bedford, Cunning, 656, 658–59, 661, 664, 667
Bedford, John Russell, 4th Duke of, 153
Bedford Pass, N.Y., 349, 350
Bedford Village, N.Y., 351
Belcher, Jonathan, 44
Belfast Lough, Ireland, 540
Bemis Heights, N.Y., battle of, 385–87, 386 (map), 388–91
Bennington, Vt, 384
Berkeley, Bishop George, 102
Berkshire Co., Mass., 259–60
Bernard, Francis, 94, 96–97, 181, 185, 217, 259
on Boston problems, 168–69, 174–78
and British troops, 180, 200
and convention of towns, 178–79
and Molasses Act, 88
and Otis-Hutchinson rivalry, 88–89, 91–92
on popular unrest, 94, 96–97, 176
and Stamp Act crisis, 92, 143–44, 146–47
and Townshend Acts, 163
Billingsport, N.J., 397
Bissel, Israel, 280
Blacks, 32, 201, 447, 588
in armed service, 570–72
and Revolutionary principles, 570–72. See also Slavery; Slaves
Blackstock’s Plantation, S.C., 468
Black Watch (British regiment), 503
Blaine, Ephraim, 520
Blair, John, 167, 671
Bland, Humphrey: An Abstract of Military Discipline (1747), 305
Bland, Richard, 84, 126, 247
“Blue Water Policy,” 25
Board of Trade, 27–28, 56, 59, 63, 76
Board of War, 522
“The Body.” See Merchants; Nonimportation
Bonham’s Case, 125
Bonhomme Richard, 540–43
Bonvouloir, Julien de, 403
Bordentown, N.J., 367
Boscawen, Adm. Edward, 8–9
Bose, 488
Boston, Mass., 131, 159–79, 196, 217, 221–22, 235, 237, 259–61, 307–8, 371, 405, 411, 438, 519, 525, 527, 534, 535–36, 545, 552, 554, 565, 582, 611
British army in, 179, 187, 199–213
caucus, 165–66
and convention of towns, 178–79
and Intolerable Acts, 237
Irish immigrants in, 33–34
laboring class, 209
Loyalist estates in, 542
merchants in, 70–71, 186, 187
militia, 166
mobs in, 93–97, 187, 192
and nonimportation, 187, 191–92
population of, 36
riots in, 149, 187
siege of, 292 (map), 311–17, 312 (map), 341, 554
smallpox, 531–32
social stratification in, 39–40
Sons of Liberty in, 166, 174, 175, 230
and Stamp Act crisis, 92–98, 104, 105, 110
and Stamp Act repeal, 142–43
and Tea Act crisis, 229–40
Boston Chronicle, 206
Boston Evening Post, 146–47, 160, 202–3, 230
Boston Gazette, 91–92, 146, 161, 168–69, 175, 177, 202, 205, 223, 230
Boston Junto, 186
Boston Massacre, 209–14, 243, 247
Boston News-Letter, 207
“Boston Pamphlet,” 222–24
Boston Port Act. See Intolerable Acts
Boston Tea Party, 227, 229, 232–37. See also Intolerable Acts
Boston town meeting, 174, 177, 186, 204, 222, 238
on British measures, 185
and British troops, 177–78
and Tea Act, 230–31
on Townshend duties, 162–63
Bostwick, Elisha, 513
Botetourt, Norborne Berkeley, Baron de, 188
Boucher, Jonathan: A Letter from a Virginian . . . (1774), 242–43
Bouquet, Col. Henry, 58–60
Bowman, Thaddeus, 275
Boycotts, 140, 547–48, 550
Boyd, Julian, 633
Boylston, Zabdiel, 531
Braddock, Gen. Edward, 7, 9
Bradstreet, Col. John, 9
Brandywine, Pa., battle of, 390 (map), 393–401, 425, 469, 502, 507, 601
Brant, Joseph, 576, 578
Brant, Mary, 576
Brattonville, S.C., 458
Brawn, Capt. Thomas, 271
Breed’s Hill. See Bunker Hill, battle of Brest, France, 415, 438, 539, 540, 582
Brief Remarks on the Defense of the Halifax Libel . . . (1765), 91–92, 147. See also Otis, James, Jr.
Broad River (N.C./S.C), 468, 476
Brooklyn, N.Y., 349, 351, 502, 601
battle of, 504, 598
Broughton, Nicholson, 535
Brown, John, 220
Brown, Nicholas, 68
Brown family, 67–68
Bryan, George, 637, 676
Bryan, Samuel, 676
Buchanan, William, 421, 520
Buford, Col. Abraham, 423
Bull, William, 215–16, 229
Bunker Hill, Mass., battle of, 287–98, 292 (map), 349, 350, 509, 511, 544, 554, 568
American response to, 320, 321
Burch, William, 169, 195
Burdell’s Plantation, S.C., 499
Burgoyne, Gen. John, 269, 287, 293, 402, 410, 554, 568, 598
and campaign of 1777, 373–84
and Saratoga, 384–91, 411–13
Burke, Edmund, 111–12, 113, 237, 270, 595
Burnet, William, 44
Burr, Aaron, 355
Burr’s Mills, S.C., 476
Bushy Run, Pa., 59
Bute, John Stuart, Earl of, 59, 60, 62, 151
and “conspiracy,” 93, 110, 131, 143
and George III, 20, 54
and Grenville, 57
heads ministry, 54–55
Butler, Pierce, 646
Byng, Adm. John, 8, 12
Byron, Adm. John (“Foul Weather Jack”), 416, 436, 438
Cadwalader, Lt. Col. John, 365–66, 369
Cadwalader, Lt. Col. Lambert, 359–60
Cambridge, Mass., 217, 274, 279, 289, 526, 535
Camden, Charles Pratt, Lord, 152, 157
Camden, S.C., 458, 459, 464, 468, 469, 472, 475, 476, 485, 490, 493, 494–95, 496, 502, 507, 508, 510
battle of, 457 (map), 460–63, 471
Camm, Rev. Mr. John, 82
Campbell, Lt. Col. Archibald, 441, 500
Campbell, Richard, 499
Campbell, William, 466, 467
Camp followers, 426, 551, 553
Camp Gum Swamp, S.C., 553
Canada, 154, 312 (map), 373–84 passim, 382 (map), 578, 596, 621
American invasion of, 309–14, 346–47
British army in, 56, 590
in British strategy, 413
Catholics in, 131
and Constitutional Convention, 286
Indian problem in, 55–56
as Loyalist refuge, 564
Cane Creek, N.C., 466
Cannon, James, 637–38
Cape Fear, N.C., 476
Cape Fear River (N.C.), 492, 494
Carleton, Gen. Sir Guy, 310, 345
and campaign of 1777, 373, 375, 377
commands British army, 558, 595
and Ticonderoga, 282
Carlisle Commission, 414, 438
Carolinas, the, 34, 35, 48, 413, 456, 458, 465, 477, 485, 497, 565, 579, 665
Americans regain, 500–501
British hold, 620
Loyalists in, 493, 564, 581
mobs in, 138
outlaws in, 553
partisan warfare in, 581. See also North Carolina; South Carolina
Carrington, Edward, 474, 482, 484
Carter, Landon, 126, 130, 263
Castle William (Mass.), 180
Caswell, Richard, 460, 462
Catawba district, S.C., 458, 465
Catawba Indians, 577
Catawba River (N.C./S.C), 475, 481, 483–84
Cato’s Letters, 137
Cerf, 541
Chad’s Ford, Pa., 393, 395
Chandler, Thomas Bradbury: The American Querist . . . (1774), 243
Charles River (Mass.), 289
Charleston, S.C., 34, 229, 391, 441, 457 (map), 459, 460, 469, 475, 496, 497, 500, 544, 577, 581, 593, 599
British army in, 198, 590
British strategy against, 443–51
civilians in, 454
description of, 447–48
and Lexington and Concord, 281
mechanics in, 183
nonimportation in, 189–90, 192–93
Charlestown, Mass., 256, 274, 279, 289, 290, 291, 296, 544
Charlestown Neck, 274, 289, 293, 298
Charlotte, N.C., 463–74
passim Charlottesville, Va., 609
Charlottetown, Nova Scotia, 535
Charters, colonial, 128–29
Chase, Samuel, 248
Chatham, Earl of. See Pitt, William
Chatham ministry, 8, 151–55, 157. See also Pitt, William
Chatterton’s Hill, N.Y., 357
Cheraw, N.C., 459, 468, 475, 476
Cheraws District, S.C., 334
Cherokee Ford, S.C., 476
Cherokees, 575
Cherokee War, 183
Chesapeake, 464, 493, 570, 579
economy of, 612
military operations in, 583–84, 612–13
Chester, Pa., 395
Choiseul, Étienne, Francçois, 402–3, 459
Christian Union, 51
Church, Benjamin, 271, 525–26
Church of England. See Anglican Church
Cider Tax, opposition to, 61–62
Circular Letter, 164, 166–68
and Hillsborough, 175, 181
response to, 166–68, 181–82, 184–85
and River Cods, 259–60
City Vestry, New York, 560
Clap, Thomas, 107, 108
Clark, George Rogers, 576
Clarke, Sir Francis, 390
Clarke, Richard, 230
“Clericus Americanus,” 177
Clinton, George, 284
Clinton, Gen. Henry, 269, 434–38 passim, 459, 464, 466, 493, 504, 518, 544–45, 554, 558, 579, 586, 595
and Arbuthnot, 446–47, 449, 453–54, 597
and Bunker Hill, 287, 293, 298
and campaign of 1777, 374
and Charleston campaign, 416–17, 440–56 passim
as commander-in-chief, 413, 416
and Cornwallis, 453–54, 580–83, 598–99
at Forts Montgomery and Clinton, 389
and Howe, 362
at Long Island, 348, 350
and military discipline, 452–53, 553
at Monmouth Court House, 428–34 passim
and Philadelphia evacuation, 416, 426–35 passim
as tactician, 598–99
and Washington, 583
and West Indies, 413, 416–17, 434
Clive, Lord Robert, 9
Closter, N.J., 361
Cochran, John, 526–27
Coercive Acts, 269, 547. See also Intolerable Acts
Coffin, John, 499
Coke, Edward, 332
Colden, Cadwallader, 150
Committee of Correspondence, Boston, 222–24, 230–32, 237, 239, 252, 261
Committee of Correspondence, Intercolonial, 221
Committee of Correspondence with Foreign Powers, 404
Committees of correspondence, 239
Committees of inspection, 193
Committees of safety and inspection, 565–66
Common Sense. See Paine, Thomas
Commonwealth ideology. See Ideology of the American Revolution; Radical Whig ideology
Whig ideology Commonwealthmen, 51, 52
and Whig theory, 136–38. See also Conspiracy; Gordon, Thomas; Trenchard, John
Conanicut Island, R.I., 436
Concord, Mass., 274–79, 292 (map), 509, 534, 544
Concord Road, Mass., 274, 276
Confiscation Act of 1784, 568
Congaree River (S.C.), 496
Congregational Churches in New England, 50
Congregationalists, 46–47, 218, 564, 622
Connecticut, 27, 41, 46, 47, 127–28, 135, 181, 283, 513, 520, 646, 652, 655, 661
Association in, 266
British raids in, 545
and Continental Army, 309, 351, 355, 356, 419, 529
emancipation in, 572
Gage on, 291
governor of, 104
Great Awakening in, 107
legislature, 107, 108, 127–28, 167, 240
militia, 286
mobs in, 138
and Navy Board, 537
nonimportation in, 188
politics in, 106–8, 147
and ratification, 682
speculators in, 647
Stamp Act in, 80, 109–11
and western lands, 107–8
Connecticut Gazette (Hartford), 109
Connecticut River, 383
Connecticut River valley, 33
Conscription, 517
Considerations on the Nature and Extent of the Legislative Authority of the Parliament. See Wilson, James Conspiracy: and American liberties, 130–32, 133–41, 676
and Bute, 143
Otis-Adams faction on, 176
and Quartering Act, 157
and Revenue Act, 156–57
and Rhode Island charter, 104
and Stamp Act, 130–32
Constitution (Brit.): Americans on, 5–6, 124–26
in colonies, 53
Continental Congress on, 250
and fundamental law, 125–26
George III on, 18
and liberty, 6
Thomas Paine on, 324–25
Constitution (U.S.), 656–57, 667, 679–80
and class antagonism, 676
as conservative movement, 669–683
criticism of, 674–75 (see also Antifederalists)
originality, 659
and separation of powers, 672
Constitutional Convention (1787), 620–21, 641, 642–68, 669, 671, 673, 676–77
aristocratic bias in, 655
and class antagonism, 676
compromise in, 631, 646
and congressional powers, 666
and executive, 662
and judiciary, 662
and large states, 646–47, 656, 661
and New Jersey plan, 653
and slave trade, 663–66
and small states, 646, 647
and state interests, 646–47
and Virginia plan, 650–51, 655
and western lands, 647
Constitutionalists, 640, 676–77
Constitutions, state, 623–41. See also names of individual states
Continental Congress, First, 240–58
and the Association, 253–54, 263
and British trade, 248, 249
colonial response to, 256–58
and colonial rights, 249–50
Dartmouth on, 266
and Declaration of Rights, 253
delegates to, 240, 245–48, 257–59
Galloway’s Plan of Union, 251
and nonconsumption, 253–54
and nonexportation, 252–54
and nonimportation, 252–54
voting rules of, 249
Continental Congress, Second, 284–87, 327–39, 449, 456, 472, 497, 500, 533, 536–37, 550, 614–19
and army officers, 347, 354, 459–60, 601
army supplies in, 471, 521–22
and Canada invasion, 286, 309–10
and commissary department, 421, 517–25
and commissioners in France, 409–10
composition of, 284
demobilizes military, 603–5
and foreign powers, 326–28, 404–11
and French treaties, 411
and independence, 318–20, 322, 327–39, 407
and Loyalist property, 594
and medical service, 525
and militia, 473
and “model treaty,” 407
moderates in, 319, 327–28, 330
naval policy of, 536
and peace commission, 591
and quartermaster department, 517–25
raises Continental Army, 319, 516
and Revolutionary War, 285–86, 340, 341, 459, 517
and sectional divisions, 609
southern army in, 469
and the states, 322–23, 330, 606
and troop recruitment, 356–57, 371–72
and the West, 606, 609–11
Conway, Gen. Henry, 112, 115–16, 152
and Declaratory bill, 118
on stamp tax, 80, 120–21
Cooper, Samuel, 214, 215, 225
Cooper River (S.C.), 447, 454
Copp’s Hill (Boston), 290, 293
Cork, Ireland, 518
Cornwallis, Lord Charles, 458–65, 467, 476, 481–92, 497, 502, 505, 508, 525, 545, 579, 584, 595
