The Coming of the Third Reich, page 78
‘Jewish question’
‘Jewish spirit’
Jews
and capitalism
Nazi hatred of
Jewish-Christian intermarriage
converts to Christianity
name-changes
emigration
population
in business and the professions
and German nationalism
Jewish financiers blamed for economic depression
Libermann von Sonnenberg’s petition
their exclusion from German society advocated
‘the Jews are our misfortune’ phrase
Dreyfus affair
massacred by the ‘Black Hundreds’
Linz Programme (1879)
accused of subverting German art
business interests attacked
women workers
‘Jewish press’
war veterans
and Nationalists
alleged corruption
education
and the judiciary
political support
Hitler’s beliefs
‘to be exterminated’
conspiracy theory
and The Stormer
and German Nationalist Commercial Employees’ Union
Nazis’ pattern of decision-making and implementation
in Dachau
Hitler’s concentration camp warning (1921)
and the German family
exile of health advice clinic staff
and organized crime
civil servants
in the Federation of German Women’s Associations
musicians
purging of artists
scientists dismissed
Jewish shops boycotted
East European Jews’ loss of citizenship
Jiaozhou, China
Joël, Curt
Johst, Hanns: Schlageter (play)
journalism
judiciary
Jünger, Ernst
Storm of Steel
Junker landowning class
juvenile courts
Kaas, Prelate Ludwig
Kadeko club, Berlin
Kahr, Gustav Ritter von
Kaiser Wilhelm Society
Kaiserhof Hotel, Berlin
Kakadu nightclub, Berlin
Kalter, Sabine
Kandinsky, Wassily
Kantzow, Karin von
Kapp, Wolfgang
Karl-Liebknecht House, Berlin
Kästner, Erich
Kaufmann, Karl
Kautsky, Karl
Keim, August (army officer)
Keppler, Wilhelm
Kershaw, Professor Sir Ian Hitler
Kessler, Harry Graf
Ketteler, Bishop von
Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig
Klee, Paul
Klemperer, Otto
Klemperer, Victor
Klemt, Eduard
Klepper, Jochen
Knilling, Eugen Ritter von
Koblenz-Trier
Koch-Weser, Erich
Kokoschka, Oskar
Kollwitz, Käthe
Königsberg, East Prussia
Köpenick, Berlin
‘Köpenick Blood-Week’
Koussevitsky, Serge
Krebs, Hans
Krebs, Richard (‘Jan Valtin’)
Krefeld
Kreisler, Fritz
Krenek, Ernst: Jonny Strikes Up
Kroll Opera House
Krupp
Krupp, Alfred
Kun, Bela
Kürten, Peter
Labour Ministry
labour movement
labour schemes, compulsory
Lagarde, Paul de
land law reform
land reform
Landauer, Gustav
Landgraf, Georg
Landsberg am Lech fortress gaol
Landshut
Lang, Fritz
Langbehn, Julius
Rembrandt as Educator
language
suppression of ethnic minorities’ languages
German
Lanz von Liebenfels, Jörg Late Romanticism
Latvia
Lausanne Conference (1932)
Law against Sexually Transmitted Diseases (1927; amended 1933)
Law for the Protection of the Republic
Law for the Restoration of a Professional Service (1933)
leadership
strong
myth of the dictatorial leader
Kaas on
‘leadership principle’
League of Antisemites
League of German Maidens
League of National Socialist Lawyers
League of Nations
Lebensraum (‘living-space’)
Leber, Julius
Legien, Carl
Lehmann, Lotte
Leiden
Leipart, Theodor
Leipzig: army officers’ trial (1930)
Leipzig Gewandhaus orchestra
leisure
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich
on the German Social Democrats
organizes a coup (1917)
peace settlement
and Bolshevik regime in Munich
Lenz, Fritz
Leopold Palace, Wilhelmsplatz, Berlin
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim: Nathan the Wise (play)
Leuschner, Wilhelm
Levien, Max
Leviné, Eugen
liberal nationalism
liberalism
weak in Eastern and Central Europe by 1914
political
opposed by Italian Fascism
‘Jewish’
liberals
and funding of Prussian military machine
Prussian
and nationalism
new German Empire as fulfilment of their dreams
abandonment of liberal principles
and Catholicism
modest revival
left-wing
back Hindenburg (1932)
see also German Democratic Party; German People’s Party; National Liberals; Progressives
Libermann von Sonnenberg, Max
Liebermann, Max
Liebknecht, Karl
Liege
Lieser, Karl
Lippe
literature
Lithuania
living standards
‘living-space’ see Lebensraum
Lloyd George, David
Löbe, Paul
local authorities
Lochner, Louis
Lorraine
Lorre, Peter
Lossow, General Otto Hermann von
Louis6
Lower Bavaria
lower middle class
Nazis appeal to
Nazi Party members
Lower Silesia
Lübeck
Lüdecke, Kurt
Lüdemann, Hermann
Ludendorff, General Erich
First World War service
‘silent dictatorship’
claims that army was stabbed in the back
during the German Revolution
business funds
and Hitler’s putsch attempt of 1923
Tannenberg League
failure in 1925 elections
Goebbels impressed by
Lüderitz Bay, South-West Africa
Ludwig, Emil
Lueger, Karl
Luther, Martin
Luxemburg, proposed annexation of
Luxemburg, Rosa
M: Murderer Amongst Us (film)
Macedonian assassination squads
Macke, August
Magdeburg war memorial
Mahler, Gustav
Malmédy
malnutrition
Mann, Heinrich
The Blue Angel (film)
Man of Straw (novel)
Mann, Thomas
Buddenbrooks (novel)
The Confessions of the Swindler Felix Krull (novel)
Death in Venice (novella)
The Magic Mountain (novel)
Mannheim
manual workers, and unemployment
Marc, Franz
‘March Fallen’
Marr, Wilhelm
invents the word antisemitism
The Victory of Jewry over Germandom Viewed from a Non-confessional Standpoint
marriage
civil
Jewish-Christian
sanctity of
and unemployment
papal encyclical of 1930
martial law
Marx, Karl
Marx, Wilhelm
Marxism/Marxists
class conflict and capitalism
Hitler denounces
Hitler promises to destroy
Maschmann, Melita
masculinity, crisis of
Maurice, Emil
Max von Baden, Fürst
May Day, 1933 (‘Day of National Labour’)
Mecklenburg
medical profession
Meinecke, Friedrich
on Germany’s growing obsession with world power
Germany’s militaristic spirit and industrial might
German narrowly technical education
German nation-state flawed from its foundation
liberal nationalist perspective
and the State Party
Meissner, Otto
Memel
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix
Mensheviks
mental asylums
mentally handicapped
mentallythe
killing of the
sterilization of the
mergers
meritocracy
Metropolis (film)
Metternich, Clemens Wenzel Lothar Graf
Meyer, Hannes
middle class
‘unpolitical German’ concept
bourgeois values
and Jewish colleagues
youth movement
in Russia
outrage and disbelief at Versailles terms
and inflation
and youth movement
Nazi Party members
frightened of the Communists
and 1930 elections
attitude to Nazi violence
1932 Presidential election
1932 Reichstag elections
expectations of Hitler’s coalition partners
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig militarism
Ministries of Education
Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda
Ministry of Culture, Bavaria
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Posts and Communications
misogyny
mobilization
‘spiritual’
modernism
modernist culture
Moeller van den Bruck, Arthur
Moholy-Nagy, László
Mommsen, Hans
Mommsen, Theodor
monarchism
monarchy
authoritarian
Habsburg
Hohenzollern
and the Free Corps
Brüning and
Prussian
‘Monist League’
monopolies
Moresnet
Moringen
Moscow
Mosse newspaper empire
Mössingen, Württemberg
Mühsam, Erich
Müller, Georg Alexander von
Müller, Hermann
Müller, Karl Alexander von
Müncheberg
Munich
gun-battles between rival political groups (1923)
revolutionary government
Free Corps invades (1919)
Schwabing district
general strike
Luitpold Gymnasium
‘White’ counter-revolutionary government
playground for extremist political sects
Hitler moves to
Nazi treatment of Ebert
‘People’s Court’
Goebbels’ propaganda headquarters
Communists demonstrate against new cabinet
hostage shootings
Munich Latest News (Münchner Neueste Nachrichten)
Munich Technical High School
Munich University
Münster
Münzenberg, Willi
music
Mussolini, Benito
claims a total control of society
Garibaldi as a model for
Concordat (1929)
launches his Fascist movement
‘March on Rome’ (1922)
appointed Prime Minister
Nagy, Kaethe von
Namibia see also German South-West Africa
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon III
Napoleonic wars
National Councils of Women
National Liberals
national organization of artisans and handicraftsmen
National Socialism (Nazism: National Socialist German Workers’ Party)
establishment of a one-party dictatorship in Germany
standard bibliography on
dismissal of Nazi ideology
violent, racist and murderous nature of
little resistance to the Nazi takeover
one of a number of European dictatorships at the time
and big business
triumph of
venomous hatred against Jews
version of German history
opposition to
Nazism and Stalinism compared
roots of Nazi ideology
electoral triumphs (1930-32)
‘one People, one Reich, one Leader’ slogan
antisemitism
racial hygiene
emerges from a political maelstrom of radical ideologies
its rise not inevitable
and a generation enthralled by war
eclectic Nazi ideology
Nationalists’ propaganda and policies prepare the way for
and education
buys the Racial Observer
official Programme (1920)
Hitler becomes Party chairman
banned in most German states
paramilitary wing (‘Gymnastics and Sports Section’)
Mussolini’s example
Nazi salute
splits into factions
Rosenberg put in charge
becomes an illegal organization
in second Reichstag elections (1924)
Hitler refounds
‘socialist’ aspects of Nazi ideology
start of Party rallies
new structure
membership
and the farming community
takes over its first municipality
‘blood and soil’
Young Plan campaign
hatred of the Communists
idealism
promise to end political divisions
cult of violence
despises the law
funding
respectable face of
1930 elections
a catch-all party of social protest
vague programme
official anthem
statistics of clashes with Communists
Presidential election (1932)
state elections (1932)
becomes Germany’s most popular party
July 1932 Reichstag elections
November 1932 Reichstag elections
in decline
gains two major offices of state
crackdown on Communists
and Catholicism
takeover of the federated states
hatred of modern and atonal music
Party Propaganda office
disposal of ‘cultural Bolshevism’
racist language
arrests of journalists
view of art
Nazi ideology
contempt for democratic institutions
National Socialist Factory Cell Organization
National Socialist German Students’ League
National Socialist Revolution
National Socialist School Pupils’ League
National Socialist Teachers’ League
National Socialist War Victims’ Association
National Socialist Women’s Organization (NS-Frauenschaft)
nationalism
liberal
Herder and
Bismarck and
liberals and
in Europe
increasingly vociferous
Jews and
extreme
associations
and Allied occupation of western Germany (1920s)
in universities
and socialism
Bormann and
German
Nationalist Party
‘Fighting Leagues’ founded
formed
representation in the Reichstag
propaganda and policies prepare the way for Nazism
programme becomes more right wing
harks back to the Bismarckian Empire
snobbery and elitism
in the hands of enemies of democracy
financial donations to
and the press
vilifies Hirschfeld
antisemitism
and black French colonial troops
Bad Harzburg declaration
and the Grand Coalition
in 1930 elections
backs Hitler
July 1932 Reichstag elections
radical wing enters the government (1933)
and the torchlit parade in Berlin
March 1933 elections
protest about destruction of the legal order
pact with People’s Party
coalition with the Nazis
renamed
dissolution of student and youth organizations
Hugeriberg’s resignation
‘Friendship Agreement’
and Steel Helmets’ incorporation into the SA
‘nationalist revolution’
Nationalists (Spain)
nationalization
Navy Laws
Navy League
Nazi salute
Nazification
of theservice
of Northeim town council
government of Saxony
film workers
Ministries of Education
universities
Neithardt, Georg
Netherlands
Neu-Isenburg
Neukölln, Berlin
Neumann, Franz
Neumann, Heinz
Neurath, Konstantin Freiherr von
New Guinea
‘New Objectivity’ (Neue Sachlichkeit)
New York Philharmonic Orchestra
New York Stock Exchange crash (1929)
New York Times
Nibelungen, The (film)
Nicholas, Tsar
Niederstetten
Nietzsche, Friedrich
Wagner compared to
‘will to power’ concept
‘superman’ concept
ideal human being concept
interpreted by his sister Elisabeth
spiritual elitism
Night Edition (Nachtausgabe) newspaper
Nikolaus, Paul
