Watergate, page 89
“I think I have a clear”: United Press, “Both Sides Claim Dean Strengthens Their Cases,” Bennington (VT) Banner, July 12, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/63037502/.
“Republicans cannot vote”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“Daddy, eat your steak”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 246.
Hearing the news aboard Air Force One: Nixon, RN, 1045.
“Now this is awfully peculiar”: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 166.
“The President met with his Deputy Assistant”: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, June 16–30, 1972, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1972/078%20June%2016–30%201972.pdf.
“central part in the planning and executing”: Impeachment Inquiry, 3:1926–36, https://books.google.com/books?id=W6QnAAAAMAAJ.
“the first direct political advice”: “The Fateful Vote to Impeach,” TIME, August 5, 1974, https://web.archive.org/web/20071001005014/ http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,879405,00.html.
The next morning, Sunday July 21: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
Hamilton Fish too felt the weight: Ibid.
Within days of Doar’s summation: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 12.
For many members, it was the first time: “The Fateful Vote to Impeach.”
“That got the members thinking”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“Butler [was] a very strong conservative”: Bokat-Lindell, “ ‘Nixon at His Worst.”
“Well, we know what we’re here for”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 219.
“Toss me a danish”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“We can all agree”: Ibid.
“It was a terrible butterfly-in-the-stomach day”: Ibid.
On that same Tuesday, July 23, Maryland’s Hogan: “Hogan Gives Reasons for His Decision,” New York Times, July 24, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/07/24/79336668.html?pageNumber=29.
“12:01 A.M. Lowest point”: Nixon, RN, 1051.
One particularly dark day, he told Jill Volner: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 170.
Point by point, Chief Justice Burger affirmed: White, Breach of Faith, 4.
The order was unanimous: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
“The unanimous holding, I was convinced”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 204.
“He was an old man”: White, Breach of Faith, 5.
“He won on a major constitutional issue”: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
Chapter 52 The Smoking Pistol
Nixon was furious, completely betrayed: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 263.
“Well, we’ve found the smoking pistol”: Ibid., 272.
“The President has always been a firm believer”: Ibid., 279.
“A lot of the real nuts and bolts”: “The Fateful Vote to Impeach.”
“Wherefore, Richard M. Nixon”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 222.
Fifi Clay, a Nixon supporter: Ibid., 224.
Press received special green passes: Drew, Washington Journal, 334.
“I am overwhelmed by the stark contrast”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 245.
“For years we Republicans have campaigned”: Douglas Martin, “M. Caldwell Butler, a Key Vote Against Nixon, Dies at 89,” New York Times, July 29, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/30/us/politics/m-caldwell-butler-89-key-vote-to-impeach-dies.html.
Despite two years of burgeoning controversy: John Herbers, “White House Aides Upset and Concerned by Events,” New York Times, July 26, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/07/26/79631893.html?pageNumber=1.
“Now I think we’re getting somewhere”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 287.
“There are many people in my district”: Debate on Articles of Impeachment: Hearings of the Committee on the Judiciary, 93rd Congr. 326 (1974), https://books.google.com/books?id=1E9x94gKnnYC.
“The question occurs”: Ibid., 327.
The spell that had settled: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“God, how she could have gone through”: Nixon, RN, 1053.
“What are you bothering”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 263–64.
“Jesus, Jerry”: Ibid., 264.
“Secretly, maybe all of us are hoping”: Drew, Washington Journal, 366.
“sloth and default”: Debate on Articles of Impeachment, 495.
“Tell him to go piss up a rope”: Saxbe, I’ve Seen the Elephant, 170.
The next afternoon, around three-thirty: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 307.
Later, Simon would tell reporters: Ibid., 306.
Day by day, the president’s core of support: Ibid., 316.
“He’s guilty as hell”: Ibid., 300.
Both Haig and St. Clair had finally been convinced: Ibid., 308.
“He had given the order”: Haig, Inner Circles, 476.
“We have to try to work out”: Nixon, RN, 1054.
“By resigning, he might preserve”: Haig, Inner Circles, 478.
“Al, it’s over”: Ibid.
Chapter 53 The Final Days
“The clock had stopped”: Ibid., 476.
“Al, you’ve got to tell Ford”: Ibid., 480.
“Al, I don’t think it would be proper”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 293.
“The hurt was very deep”: Ibid., 295.
“That’s extremely damaging information”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 285.
“The president does understand the dimension”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 308.
Born Leslie L. King, Jr., the son and namesake: Ibid., 1–17.
“People believed in him”: Ibid., 41.
“You have to believe the president”: Ibid.,152.
Now, in the nine months that he’d been vice president”: Ibid., 259.
crisscrossing the country: Thomas DeFrank, “The Things It Carried,” Air & Space, July 2008, https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/the-things-it-carried-45246668/.
“He deliberately fled Washington”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 273.
“Either we will go to the White House”: Ibid., 299.
“a good description of a President’s job”: Ibid., 54.
After long, halting, and dispirited conversations: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 343.
“There is nothing so tiring”: Haig, Inner Circles, 489.
“Damn it, Al, this is not what I asked for”: Ibid., 491.
“Well here it is”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 379.
“if not out of loyalty”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 376.
“It has been fun having use of the yacht”: Ibid., 380.
“magnificent career”: Ibid., 379.
“the public interest is no longer served”: Thomas J. Foley, “Vice President Will Halt His Public Defense of President,” Los Angeles Times, August 6, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/clip/37033012/the-los-angeles-times/.
“There is an inexplicable difference”: Drew, Washington Journal, 392.
“I wonder whether the enormity”: Ibid.
Chapter 54 “A Day for Tears”
“Mr. President, I don’t think we ought to have”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 317.
“It was cruel”: Kissinger, Years of Upheaval, 1204.
“Al, the President has only 12 votes”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 391.
“If he doesn’t resign now”: Ibid., 392.
“You are a rotten bunch!”: Ibid., 398.
“I can resign”: Haig, Inner Circles, 495–96.
“I will do this without rancor”: Ibid., 496.
“You know, Al, you soldiers”: Ibid.
“I can go in my office”: Associated Press, “Congressman Says Nixon Threat of Atomic War Wasn’t Serious,” San Bernardino (CA) Sun, February 10, 1976, https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SBS19760210.1.2.
Moreover, Schlesinger and the chairman: Bernard Gwertzman, “Pentagon Kept a Tight Rein in Last Days of Nixon Rule,” New York Times, August 25, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/08/25/93280856.html?pageNumber=1.
“It sure feels like it”: David E. Rosenbaum, “Senators Unable to Agree on Any Move Over Nixon,” New York Times, August 8, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/08/08/79584296.html?pageNumber=1.
“Mr. President, this isn’t pleasant”: Nixon, RN, 1073.
“Whatever decision he makes”: Associated Press, “GOP Leaders Say Nixon Hasn’t Reached Decision,” Jacksonville (IL) Daily Journal, August 8, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/32293218/.
“The hell with what they want”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 325.
“Your father has decided to resign”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 421.
“It was the only time I ever saw HAK run”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 330.
“A day for tears”: Nixon, RN, 1068.
“I know you’ll do a good job”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 333.
“For the previous nine months”: Ibid., 421.
“To hell with it—let Ford do it”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 437.
“A president’s power begins to slip away”: Nixon, RN, 1077.
“Are wives invited?”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 267.
“The President of the United States will meet various members”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 432.
Chapter 55 “I Shall Resign”
“This is the 37th time”: Richard Nixon, “Address to the Nation Announcing Decision to Resign the Office of President of the United States,” August 8, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-announcing-decision-resign-the-office-president-the-united-states.
When the lights and camera: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 447.
“This is one of the most difficult”: Anthony Ripley, “Nixon Resigns; Ford Will Take the Oath Today,” New York Times, August 9, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/08/09/79585848.html?pageNumber=4.
“He was phoning old friends”: Garment, Crazy Rhythm, 296.
“Dear Mr. Secretary”: Richard Nixon to Henry Kissinger, letter, August 9, 1974, National Archives and Records Administration, https://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/todays-doc/?dod-date=809.
“There has been no agreement”: Richard D. Lyons, “Jaworski Asserts No Deal Was Made,” New York times, August 9, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/08/09/79585870.html?pageNumber=2.
“Lenin and Gandhi”: Haig, Inner Circles, 502.
“Never get discouraged”: Richard Nixon, “Remarks on Departure from the White House,” August 9, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-departure-from-the-white-house.
“It was not the speech of a President”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 220.
“The whole world was watching”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 271.
“Drop us a line”: Robert Sam Anson, Exile: The Unquiet Oblivion of Richard M. Nixon (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984), 20.
“I’m going to prepare lunch”: Tim Weiner, One Man Against the World: The Tragedy of Richard Nixon (New York: Henry Holt, 2015), 314.
“Trust in the Lord”: “Swearing In Bible,” Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/swearinginbible.asp.
“Kansas City, this is Air Force One”: Anson, Exile, 19.
“I assume the Presidency”: Gerald R. Ford, “Remarks on Taking the Oath of Office,” August 9, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-taking-the-oath-office/.
Epilogue Nixon’s Curse
“Do you think people want to pick the carcass?”: Anson, Exile, 37.
“monkey problem”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 299.
“I do not think that the political system”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 229.
“If eventually, why not now?”: Cannon, Time and Chance, 373.
“You’re crazy”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 268.
“greased Nixon’s departure”: Farrell, Richard Nixon, 536.
Even the staff of the special prosecutor wondered: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 347.
“[They were] the flotsam”: White, Breach of Faith, 341.
“Welcome to the club, John”: Dean, Blind Ambition, 367.
“If I had known Nixon”: Anson, Exile, 85.
“John takes things too personally”: Ibid., 206.
“I am convinced”: Rosen, The Strong Man, 470.
“When the president does it”: Anson, Exile, 159.
Next came the memoirs: Craig Fehrman, “All the President’s Memories,” New York Times, November 4, 2010, https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/07/books/review/Fehrman-t.html.
“For chrissakes, I don’t even know”: Anson, Exile, 180.
“To the book and to the future”: Aitken, Nixon: A Life, 520.
By the time Tip O’Neill became speaker: O’Neill, Man of the House, 419.
Senator Sam Ervin worked over the course of the year: Campbell, Senator Sam Ervin, 295.
“The whole mess fell on Nixon”: Farrell, Richard Nixon, 542.
“Watergate did what the Bay of Pigs had not”: Powers, The Man Who Kept the Secrets, 259.
“This post-Watergate fervor”: Prendergast, The World of Time Inc., 367.
“If Nixon has bequeathed”: White, Breach of Faith, 337.
“I spent my entire adult life”: Laura A. Kiernan, “Ex-FBI Officials Felt, Miller Guilty in ‘Black Bag’ Cases,” Washington Post, November 7, 1980, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/11/07/ex-fbi-officials-felt-miller-guilty-in-black-bag-cases/ebf7eb2d-e94d-4478–896f-2d36af7ab760/.
President Reagan ultimately issued: Robert Pear, “President Reagan Pardons 2 Ex-F.B.I. Officials in 1970’s Break-Ins,” New York Times, April 16, 1981, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1981/04/16/086213.html?pageNumber=1.
Gray was deeply bitter: Gray, In Nixon’s Web, 270–71.
when its premiere happened in D.C.: Graham, Personal History, 503.
“The spirit of this country”: Anson, Exile, 150.
“I think I still would have”: Ibid.
wrote his memoir in prison: Ibid., 205.
“It could have been worse”: Rosen, The Strong Man, 442.
“It’s nice to be back in Alabama”: Ibid., xi.
“I didn’t say a word to him”: Clifford D. May, “After 40 Years Making the Law, Rodino Now Teaches It,” New York Times, January 27, 1989, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1989/01/27/591389.html?pageNumber=33.
“No one here today, nor anybody else”: Thompson, The Nixon Presidency, 95.
“The break-in itself made no sense”: Ibid., 137.
“A man is not finished”: Nick Thimmesch, “Nixon Not Finished Yet,” Daily Oklahoman (Oklahoma City), December 10, 1978, https://www.newspapers.com/image/452042203/.
Index
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
ABC, 130
Abplanalp, Robert, xxix, 77, 141, 369, 532 island of, 141, 165, 189
Nixon’s Casa Pacifica estate and, 538
ACLU, 321
Adams, Sherman, 11
Agnew, Spiro T., 6n, 32, 33, 53, 113–14, 116, 277, 327n, 359, 419, 474–78, 630 bribery allegations against, xx, 449–53, 467–69, 474–76, 578, 578n
death of brother, 478
memoir of, 452n
National Federation of Republican Women speech of, 469
Nixon’s meeting with, 463–64
Nixon’s relationship with, 452
resignation of, xx, 465, 467, 469, 474, 475, 477–78, 481, 486, 527, 578
Sinatra and, 452
White House tapes and, 435
Aiken, George, 535–36
Air Force, U.S., 422n
Air Force One, 540, 624, 664
Aitken, Jonathan, 105
Albert, Carl, 57, 243, 244, 297, 356n, 452, 468–69, 482, 527, 528, 528n, 552
Albertazzie, Ralph, 664
Alexander, Holmes, 573
Allen, Richard, 29n, 33n
Allenwood, United States Penitentiary at, 617
Allin, Mort, xxxiii
All the President’s Men (movie), xxi, 167, 234n, 253, 611n, 613, 675–77
All the President’s Men (Woodward and Bernstein), xxi, xxiii, 193n, 274n, 275, 286–88, 422, 611–15, 675n
Alsop, Joe, 289, 531, 595–96
Ambrose, Stephen, 323
American Airlines, xxi, 146–47, 423, 490
American Bar Association, 517, 526, 585, 667
American Shipbuilding Company, 297n, 456, 457, 590
Anderson, Jack, xxi, xxii, 44, 101, 103–4, 125–26, 130–37, 143n, 165–66, 247, 367–68, 446n, 538 assassination plot against, 135–37, 143n
Watergate tip of, 140, 177
Anderson, John, 518, 567, 604
Andreas, Dwayne O., 239
Angleton, James Jesus, 46
Annenberg, Walter, 591
antitrust enforcement, 130 see also ITT
Arab-Israeli War (Yom Kippur War), xvii, xix, 475–77, 481–82, 485–87, 489, 493, 501, 509, 520–22, 656
Arends, Les, 641
Arkansas Gazette, 589n
Armstrong, Sam, 430, 431
Arthur, Chester A., 647
Associated Milk Producers, Inc. (AMPI), 148–49
Associated Press, 539–40
Attica Commission, 573
Attorney’s Office, 229, 351, 404
Automatic Canteen, 131
Bachinski, Eugene, 191
Bahamas, 141
Bailey, John, 164
Bailley, Phillip Mackin, 173–74, 176
Baker, Howard, 42, 177, 312, 313, 355, 356, 358, 377, 380, 405, 426, 432, 444, 446, 490n, 500, 503
