Watergate, page 88
“How about hiring my girlfriend?”: Barden, interview.
Doar also recruited David Robert “Bob” Owen: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 118; Peter Kihss, “David Robert Owen, Prosecuted Significant Rights Cases in South,” New York Times, January 5, 1981, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1981/01/05/210548.html?pageNumber=28; Maureen Joyce, “David R. Owen Dies,” Washington Post, January 5, 1981, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1981/01/05/david-r-owen-dies/0e18dd3e-d13d-4707–9f70–8b09112a5d49/.
“whirlpool of sparkling legal talent”: Holmes Alexander, “The President Fights Back, Staggers Chairman Rodino,” Reading (PA) Eagle, May 10, 1974, https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1955&dat=19740510&id=JcotAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cpoFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6386,6205220.
one of just four women: Barden, interview.
“How does it feel to be the Jill Wine Volner”: Donnie Radcliffe, Hillary Rodham Clinton: The Evolution of a First Lady (New York: Warner, 1999), 124.
“Domestic surveillance activities”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 112.
“McCord,” he said, wondering out loud: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 120.
Chapter 48 Le Grand Fromage
“This machine owes”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 299.
“The last possible charge is mutilation”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 38.
“Le Grand Fromage”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 226.
Separately, Lacovara had been working: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 265.
In the matter of the hush money payments: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 178.
The memo, as it was fleshed out: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 232.
“a ferocious battle of wills ensued”: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 140.
“Ruth was apopleptic”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 234.
“Why carry the attaché case?”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 296.
The solution was elegant: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 241.
“They were in a militant mood”: Ibid., 236.
“Mr. Jaworski, we appreciate”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 309.
The resulting vote was 19–0: Ibid.
Herb Kalmbach pleaded guilty: Anthony Ripley, “Kalmbach Pleads Guilty to 2 Campaign Charges; May Be Jaworski Witness,” New York Times, February 26, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/02/26/87596967.html?pageNumber=1.
“window-dressing”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 78.
“Jaworski had spent his life”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 297.
“interfer[ing] unduly with the ongoing impeachment process”: Ervin, The Whole Truth, 262.
when representative Elizabeth Holtzman went over: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 125.
“What we have asked for is very reasonable”: Bill Kovach, “Rodino Unit Firm on Tapes but Bars Early Showdown,” New York Times, March 14, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/03/14/99163157.html?pageNumber=1.
“The Watergate cover-up resembled”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 261.
“This elevator is impounded”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 309–10.
There were almost not enough columns: New York Times, March 2, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/03/02/79865448.html?pageNumber=1.
“Thrown together now”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 266.
“You must be very busy”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 109.
“It’s not true”: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 146.
“There were 19 people in the grand-jury room”: United Press, “Watergate Grand Jury Tried to Indict President Richard Nixon,” June 17, 1982, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1982/06/17/Watergate-grand-jury-tried-to-indict-President-Richard-Nixon/6784393134400/.
“to our surprise the President did not object”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 264.
As the special prosecutors carefully packaged: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 149.
A Judiciary Committee member for much of his political career: Adam Bernstein, “Rep. Peter Rodino, 95,” Washington Post, May 8, 2005, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2005/05/08/rep-peter-rodino-95/358b2281–94df-48cf-9056-a01372409978/; Michael T. Kaufman, “Former Rep. Peter W. Rodino Jr. Is Dead at 95; Led House Watergate Hearings,” New York Times, May 9, 2005, https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/09/nyregion/former-rep-peter-w-rodino-jr-is-dead-at-95-led-house-watergate.html.
a framed photograph of Richard Nixon: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 9.
Everyone he met seemed to have a different theory: Ibid., 105.
“If we don’t get the material”: Drew, Washington Journal, 206.
Chapter 49 “Don’t Miss Page 503”
“Nixon’s Wonderland”: Anthony Ripley, “A Fortress Is Dented by Women,” New York Times, April 8, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/08/79621764.html?pageNumber=21.
“Arkansas doesn’t seem”: Ibid.
“I know you,” he said, laughing: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 165.
“to camouflage the bonuses”: Anthony Ripley, “An Owner of Yankees Indicted in Ship Concern’s Election Gifts,” New York Times, April 6, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/06/79906844.html?pageNumber=14.
Nine other executives: Ibid.
The indictments landed the day before the opening: United Press, “No Baseball Now for Steinbrenner,” Cleveland (OH) Press, April 9, 1974, https://vault.fbi.gov/george-steinbrenner/george-steinbrenner-part-03-of-12.
Steinbrenner was arraigned on the 19th: Christine J. Jindra, “Steinbrenner Pleads Innocent, Is Confident Jury Will Clear Him,” Cleveland (OH) Plain Dealer, April 20, 1974, https://vault.fbi.gov/george-steinbrenner/george-steinbrenner-part-03-of-12.
an IRS and congressional report found: Joseph J. Thorndike, “JCT Investigation of Nixon’s Tax Returns,” February 2016, United States Capitol Historical Society, https://uschs.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/USCHS-History-Role-Joint-Committee-Taxation-Thorndike.pdf.
“We’re all very weary”: Drew, Washington Journal, 229.
“They’re angry and they’re bitter”: Thomas M. DeFrank, Write It When I’m Gone: Remarkable Off-the-Record Conversations with Gerald R. Ford (New York: Putnam’s, 2007), 12.
Meanwhile, Leon Jaworski’s office: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 269.
“Nixon spent hours listening to them”: Saxbe, I’ve Seen the Elephant, 165.
Friday Nixon had just five telephone calls: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, April 16–30, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/122%20April%2016–30%201974.pdf.
“It is not possible to describe”: Nixon, RN, 995.
“We’ve got to be consistent”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 126.
“Why so many deletions?”: Ibid., 135.
“My heart stopped for 30 seconds”: Martin Arnold, “Mitchell and Stans Are Acquitted on All Counts After 48-Day Trial,” New York Times, April 29, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/29/91438953.html?pageNumber=1.
Woodward and Bernstein’s book, The Final Days: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 138.
“Watergate is going to go away”: Ibid., 139.
“These transcripts will show”: Richard Nixon, “Address to the Nation Announcing Answer to the House Judiciary Committee Subpoena for Additional Presidential Tape Recordings,” April 29, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-announcing-answer-the-house-judiciary-committee-subpoena-for-additional.
They had beaten the subpoena deadline: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 131.
“Not that these conversations seemed”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 271–72.
“Sheer flesh-crawling repulsion”: Joseph Alsop, “The ‘Repellent Tapes’: Will They Help Mr. Nixon?,” Washington Post, May 3, 1974, http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/White%20Materials/Watergate/Watergate%20Items%2013573%20to%2013797/Watergate%2013752.pdf.
“The president’s transcripts of these recordings”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 132.
“Before the end of the day, the word had been passed”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 153.
“Nixon released a thousand pages”: Garment, Crazy Rhythm, 293.
“Don’t miss page 503”: Drew, Washington Journal, 261.
“What was in the President’s transcripts would overwhelm”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 271.
“Rodino said that’s like if a cop”: Spencer Bokat-Lindell, “ ‘Nixon at His Worst Wouldn’t Do That,’ ” New York Times, December 19, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/19/opinion/trump-impeachment-nixon.html.
“We did not subpoena an edited White House version”: Drew, Washington Journal, 261.
“Dear Mr. President”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 319.
In early May, James St. Clair tried to block: Ibid., 321.
“About fifteen members of my staff have known”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 150.
“This is an attempt to embarrass”: Ibid., 152.
“I’m not trying to save”: Emery, Watergate, 432.
“The president does not wish to make”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 157.
In his office, Jaworski hung up: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 136.
“The mistake may be to assume”: Drew, Washington Journal, 185.
The next morning, Nixon spent less than an hour: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, May 1–15, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/123%20May%201–15%201974.pdf; Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 159.
“One could almost follow the story of Watergate”: Drew, Washington Journal, 226.
The hearings began in a very different environment: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 160.
“We have seen a breakdown”: Christopher Lydon, “Rhodes Urges That Nixon Again Consider Resigning,” New York Times, May 10, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/05/10/issue.html.
“safety valve to eliminate”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 121.
After opening statements from Rodino: Ibid., 158.
“I do, Your Honor”: Impeachment Inquiry, 1:552, https://books.google.com/books?id=knJFAQAAMAAJ.
“We begin at the beginning”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“On January 20, 1969”: Impeachment Inquiry, 1:554–55.
That first day was a big success: Barden, interview.
Except among the president’s lawyers: Sirica, To Set the Record Straight, 223.
Chapter 50 The United States v. Richard M. Nixon
Jaworski knew that a rejection: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 163.
“[It was] a truly extraordinary mechanism”: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
“Our goal was to strengthen”: Ibid.
Rumors of a presidential resignation: James M. Naughton, “White House Moves to End Rumors Nixon Will Resign; His Support in G.O.P. Ebbs,” New York Times, May 11, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/05/11/99168496.html?pageNumber=1.
“Jerry, there’s a better than 50–50 chance”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 175.
Meanwhile the House’s two top Republicans: Ibid., 176.
“We have to do some planning”: Richard Reeves, A Ford, Not a Lincoln (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), 52.
“Time will tell”: Drew, Washington Journal, 219.
“We truly did nothing but work”: Barden, interview.
“He’s the most boring person”: Ibid.
All told, for ten weeks: Drew, Washington Journal, 281.
“You go into a grocery store”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“You would use national security as a cover”: Evan Davis, interview by Timothy Naftali, September 29, 2011, transcript, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/forresearchers/find/histories/davis-2011–09–29.pdf.
“It’s a compounding fact”: Ibid.
“I regret what I attempted to do”: “Text of Colson Statement After Guilty Plea on Obstruction of Justice,” New York Times, June 4, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/04/79626486.html?pageNumber=24.
Inside the courtroom, St. Clair handed: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 205.
After they were ushered out: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, June 1–15, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/125%20June%201–15%201974.pdf.
“The court recognizes that men of ambition”: Drew, Washington Journal, 294.
On Wednesday, June 5, the Los Angeles Times’ Robert Jackson: Ronald J. Ostrow and Robert L. Jackson, “Nixon Named Conspirator by Jury, L.A. Times Says,” The Charlotte (NC) Observer, June 6, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/622407383/.
Within a day, St. Clair conceded: Anthony Ripley, “Grand Jury Named Nixon Watergate Co-Conspirator but Didn’t Indict,” New York Times, June 7, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/07/issue.html.
“It is going to have a hell of an impact”: Ibid.
a group called the “National Citizens Committee”: “Baruch Korff, ‘Nixon’s Rabbi,’ Dies at Age 81,” Washington Post, July 27, 1995, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1995/07/27/baruch-korff-nixons-rabbi-dies-at-age-81/3ef20d47–9220–461d-a47b-28ce70b103cf/.
“I am not the press’s favorite pin-up boy”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 173.
“The cause you have worked for”: Richard Nixon, “Remarks at a Luncheon of the National Citizens’ Committee for Fairness to the Presidency,” June 9, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-luncheon-the-national-citizens-committee-for-fairness-the-presidency.
“Nixon was a haunted man”: Theodore H. White, Breach of Faith: The Fall of Richard Nixon (New York: Atheneum, 1975), 9.
“The purpose of this trip is more important”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 213.
“The president has a death wish”: Ibid., 214.
back in Washington Fred Buzhardt: Philip Shabecoff, “Buzhardt in Hospital with Pains in Chest; Condition ‘Serious,’ ” New York Times, June 14, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/14/93295358.html?pageNumber=1.
“a great guide”: W. Joseph Campbell, Getting It Wrong: Debunking the Greatest Myths in American Journalism, 2nd ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2017), 153.
“solved the greatest detective story”: Ibid., 154.
“He exploded”: Woodward, The Secret Man, 110.
“Who did have motive and opportunity”: Limpert, “Deep Throat.”
“Those mundane tasks”: Holland, Leak, 40.
“When we got some of the same stories”: Campbell, Getting It Wrong, 162.
“a clandestine group”: Holland, Leak, 41.
For example, a scene where Woodward and Bernstein, after their humiliating lunch: Bernstein and Woodward, All the President’s Men, 187.
according to the National Weather Service records: “Arlington County, VA Weather History: October 25, 1972,” Weather Underground, https://www.wunderground.com/history/daily/KDCA/date/1972–10–25.
“interstate transportation of obscene materials”: Tom Shales, “Scaring Off the Sex Films,” Washington Post, November 27, 1972.
“There were no ads in the Post”: Havill, Deep Truth, 87.
“You know I have a little problem”: Himmelman, Yours in Truth, 214.
Woodward, Himmelman wrote, seemed “frantic”: Ibid., 212–31.
“You can draw the picture of a horse”: Ervin, The Whole Truth, 272.
“It is no time for slow readers”: Drew, Washington Journal, 253.
“When the rest of us are all forgotten”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 375.
Republican members of Congress decried: David E. Rosenbaum, “Some in G.O.P. Say Rodino Is Biased on Impeachment,” New York Times, June 29, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/29/119732798.html?pageNumber=12.
“Things have gotten out of hand”: James M. Naughton, “Impeachment Panel Rift May Spread in Congress,” New York Times, June 30, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/30/148834262.html?pageNumber=1.
“If you could do anything to help”: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 146–48.
Chapter 51 Impeachment
“What we are trying to do is to strengthen”: Naughton, “Impeachment Panel Rift.”
Cates had believed since late November: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 192.
In readying for their big day, Lacovara had suggested: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
“If you keep it up, I’ll show up”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 331.
“Our brief is one of the strongest”: Ibid., 330.
“heart of our basic constitutional system”: Special Report of the Joint Committee on Congressional Operations Pursuant to Section 402(a)(2) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970, 93rd Congr. 480 (1974), https://books.google.com/books?id=guxFLsg9IPkC.
“The President is not above the law”: “The United States v. Richard M. Nixon, President, et al.,” TIME, July 22, 1974, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/printout/0,8816,942924,00.html.
“You lose me someplace”: Special Report of the Joint Committee, 519.
“I don’t give a shit”: Brinkley and Nichter, The Nixon Tapes: 1973, 368.
“The Rodino Committee released millions of words”: Sussman, The Great Cover-Up, 297.
“a giant erector set”: Donald M. Rothberg, “No Clue in Judiciary Releases as to Final Impeachment Verdict,” Greely (CO) Daily Tribune, July 11, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/27293817/.
“The quantity of the evidence”: Nixon, RN, 1019.
On Thursday, John Dean took the stand: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 241.
Doar also recruited David Robert “Bob” Owen: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 118; Peter Kihss, “David Robert Owen, Prosecuted Significant Rights Cases in South,” New York Times, January 5, 1981, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1981/01/05/210548.html?pageNumber=28; Maureen Joyce, “David R. Owen Dies,” Washington Post, January 5, 1981, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1981/01/05/david-r-owen-dies/0e18dd3e-d13d-4707–9f70–8b09112a5d49/.
“whirlpool of sparkling legal talent”: Holmes Alexander, “The President Fights Back, Staggers Chairman Rodino,” Reading (PA) Eagle, May 10, 1974, https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1955&dat=19740510&id=JcotAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cpoFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6386,6205220.
one of just four women: Barden, interview.
“How does it feel to be the Jill Wine Volner”: Donnie Radcliffe, Hillary Rodham Clinton: The Evolution of a First Lady (New York: Warner, 1999), 124.
“Domestic surveillance activities”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 112.
“McCord,” he said, wondering out loud: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 120.
Chapter 48 Le Grand Fromage
“This machine owes”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 299.
“The last possible charge is mutilation”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 38.
“Le Grand Fromage”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 226.
Separately, Lacovara had been working: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 265.
In the matter of the hush money payments: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 178.
The memo, as it was fleshed out: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 232.
“a ferocious battle of wills ensued”: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 140.
“Ruth was apopleptic”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 234.
“Why carry the attaché case?”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 296.
The solution was elegant: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 241.
“They were in a militant mood”: Ibid., 236.
“Mr. Jaworski, we appreciate”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 309.
The resulting vote was 19–0: Ibid.
Herb Kalmbach pleaded guilty: Anthony Ripley, “Kalmbach Pleads Guilty to 2 Campaign Charges; May Be Jaworski Witness,” New York Times, February 26, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/02/26/87596967.html?pageNumber=1.
“window-dressing”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 78.
“Jaworski had spent his life”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 297.
“interfer[ing] unduly with the ongoing impeachment process”: Ervin, The Whole Truth, 262.
when representative Elizabeth Holtzman went over: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 125.
“What we have asked for is very reasonable”: Bill Kovach, “Rodino Unit Firm on Tapes but Bars Early Showdown,” New York Times, March 14, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/03/14/99163157.html?pageNumber=1.
“The Watergate cover-up resembled”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 261.
“This elevator is impounded”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 309–10.
There were almost not enough columns: New York Times, March 2, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/03/02/79865448.html?pageNumber=1.
“Thrown together now”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 266.
“You must be very busy”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 109.
“It’s not true”: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 146.
“There were 19 people in the grand-jury room”: United Press, “Watergate Grand Jury Tried to Indict President Richard Nixon,” June 17, 1982, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1982/06/17/Watergate-grand-jury-tried-to-indict-President-Richard-Nixon/6784393134400/.
“to our surprise the President did not object”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 264.
As the special prosecutors carefully packaged: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 149.
A Judiciary Committee member for much of his political career: Adam Bernstein, “Rep. Peter Rodino, 95,” Washington Post, May 8, 2005, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2005/05/08/rep-peter-rodino-95/358b2281–94df-48cf-9056-a01372409978/; Michael T. Kaufman, “Former Rep. Peter W. Rodino Jr. Is Dead at 95; Led House Watergate Hearings,” New York Times, May 9, 2005, https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/09/nyregion/former-rep-peter-w-rodino-jr-is-dead-at-95-led-house-watergate.html.
a framed photograph of Richard Nixon: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 9.
Everyone he met seemed to have a different theory: Ibid., 105.
“If we don’t get the material”: Drew, Washington Journal, 206.
Chapter 49 “Don’t Miss Page 503”
“Nixon’s Wonderland”: Anthony Ripley, “A Fortress Is Dented by Women,” New York Times, April 8, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/08/79621764.html?pageNumber=21.
“Arkansas doesn’t seem”: Ibid.
“I know you,” he said, laughing: Wine-Banks, The Watergate Girl, 165.
“to camouflage the bonuses”: Anthony Ripley, “An Owner of Yankees Indicted in Ship Concern’s Election Gifts,” New York Times, April 6, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/06/79906844.html?pageNumber=14.
Nine other executives: Ibid.
The indictments landed the day before the opening: United Press, “No Baseball Now for Steinbrenner,” Cleveland (OH) Press, April 9, 1974, https://vault.fbi.gov/george-steinbrenner/george-steinbrenner-part-03-of-12.
Steinbrenner was arraigned on the 19th: Christine J. Jindra, “Steinbrenner Pleads Innocent, Is Confident Jury Will Clear Him,” Cleveland (OH) Plain Dealer, April 20, 1974, https://vault.fbi.gov/george-steinbrenner/george-steinbrenner-part-03-of-12.
an IRS and congressional report found: Joseph J. Thorndike, “JCT Investigation of Nixon’s Tax Returns,” February 2016, United States Capitol Historical Society, https://uschs.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/USCHS-History-Role-Joint-Committee-Taxation-Thorndike.pdf.
“We’re all very weary”: Drew, Washington Journal, 229.
“They’re angry and they’re bitter”: Thomas M. DeFrank, Write It When I’m Gone: Remarkable Off-the-Record Conversations with Gerald R. Ford (New York: Putnam’s, 2007), 12.
Meanwhile, Leon Jaworski’s office: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 269.
“Nixon spent hours listening to them”: Saxbe, I’ve Seen the Elephant, 165.
Friday Nixon had just five telephone calls: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, April 16–30, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/122%20April%2016–30%201974.pdf.
“It is not possible to describe”: Nixon, RN, 995.
“We’ve got to be consistent”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 126.
“Why so many deletions?”: Ibid., 135.
“My heart stopped for 30 seconds”: Martin Arnold, “Mitchell and Stans Are Acquitted on All Counts After 48-Day Trial,” New York Times, April 29, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/04/29/91438953.html?pageNumber=1.
Woodward and Bernstein’s book, The Final Days: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 138.
“Watergate is going to go away”: Ibid., 139.
“These transcripts will show”: Richard Nixon, “Address to the Nation Announcing Answer to the House Judiciary Committee Subpoena for Additional Presidential Tape Recordings,” April 29, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-announcing-answer-the-house-judiciary-committee-subpoena-for-additional.
They had beaten the subpoena deadline: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 131.
“Not that these conversations seemed”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 271–72.
“Sheer flesh-crawling repulsion”: Joseph Alsop, “The ‘Repellent Tapes’: Will They Help Mr. Nixon?,” Washington Post, May 3, 1974, http://jfk.hood.edu/Collection/White%20Materials/Watergate/Watergate%20Items%2013573%20to%2013797/Watergate%2013752.pdf.
“The president’s transcripts of these recordings”: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 132.
“Before the end of the day, the word had been passed”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 153.
“Nixon released a thousand pages”: Garment, Crazy Rhythm, 293.
“Don’t miss page 503”: Drew, Washington Journal, 261.
“What was in the President’s transcripts would overwhelm”: Ben-Veniste and Frampton, Stonewall, 271.
“Rodino said that’s like if a cop”: Spencer Bokat-Lindell, “ ‘Nixon at His Worst Wouldn’t Do That,’ ” New York Times, December 19, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/19/opinion/trump-impeachment-nixon.html.
“We did not subpoena an edited White House version”: Drew, Washington Journal, 261.
“Dear Mr. President”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 319.
In early May, James St. Clair tried to block: Ibid., 321.
“About fifteen members of my staff have known”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 150.
“This is an attempt to embarrass”: Ibid., 152.
“I’m not trying to save”: Emery, Watergate, 432.
“The president does not wish to make”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 157.
In his office, Jaworski hung up: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 136.
“The mistake may be to assume”: Drew, Washington Journal, 185.
The next morning, Nixon spent less than an hour: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, May 1–15, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/123%20May%201–15%201974.pdf; Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 159.
“One could almost follow the story of Watergate”: Drew, Washington Journal, 226.
The hearings began in a very different environment: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 160.
“We have seen a breakdown”: Christopher Lydon, “Rhodes Urges That Nixon Again Consider Resigning,” New York Times, May 10, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/05/10/issue.html.
“safety valve to eliminate”: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 121.
After opening statements from Rodino: Ibid., 158.
“I do, Your Honor”: Impeachment Inquiry, 1:552, https://books.google.com/books?id=knJFAQAAMAAJ.
“We begin at the beginning”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“On January 20, 1969”: Impeachment Inquiry, 1:554–55.
That first day was a big success: Barden, interview.
Except among the president’s lawyers: Sirica, To Set the Record Straight, 223.
Chapter 50 The United States v. Richard M. Nixon
Jaworski knew that a rejection: Jaworski, The Right and the Power, 163.
“[It was] a truly extraordinary mechanism”: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
“Our goal was to strengthen”: Ibid.
Rumors of a presidential resignation: James M. Naughton, “White House Moves to End Rumors Nixon Will Resign; His Support in G.O.P. Ebbs,” New York Times, May 11, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/05/11/99168496.html?pageNumber=1.
“Jerry, there’s a better than 50–50 chance”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 175.
Meanwhile the House’s two top Republicans: Ibid., 176.
“We have to do some planning”: Richard Reeves, A Ford, Not a Lincoln (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975), 52.
“Time will tell”: Drew, Washington Journal, 219.
“We truly did nothing but work”: Barden, interview.
“He’s the most boring person”: Ibid.
All told, for ten weeks: Drew, Washington Journal, 281.
“You go into a grocery store”: “How a Fragile Centrist Bloc.”
“You would use national security as a cover”: Evan Davis, interview by Timothy Naftali, September 29, 2011, transcript, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/forresearchers/find/histories/davis-2011–09–29.pdf.
“It’s a compounding fact”: Ibid.
“I regret what I attempted to do”: “Text of Colson Statement After Guilty Plea on Obstruction of Justice,” New York Times, June 4, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/04/79626486.html?pageNumber=24.
Inside the courtroom, St. Clair handed: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 205.
After they were ushered out: President Richard Nixon’s Daily Diary, June 1–15, 1974, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/virtuallibrary/documents/PDD/1974/125%20June%201–15%201974.pdf.
“The court recognizes that men of ambition”: Drew, Washington Journal, 294.
On Wednesday, June 5, the Los Angeles Times’ Robert Jackson: Ronald J. Ostrow and Robert L. Jackson, “Nixon Named Conspirator by Jury, L.A. Times Says,” The Charlotte (NC) Observer, June 6, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/622407383/.
Within a day, St. Clair conceded: Anthony Ripley, “Grand Jury Named Nixon Watergate Co-Conspirator but Didn’t Indict,” New York Times, June 7, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/07/issue.html.
“It is going to have a hell of an impact”: Ibid.
a group called the “National Citizens Committee”: “Baruch Korff, ‘Nixon’s Rabbi,’ Dies at Age 81,” Washington Post, July 27, 1995, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1995/07/27/baruch-korff-nixons-rabbi-dies-at-age-81/3ef20d47–9220–461d-a47b-28ce70b103cf/.
“I am not the press’s favorite pin-up boy”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 173.
“The cause you have worked for”: Richard Nixon, “Remarks at a Luncheon of the National Citizens’ Committee for Fairness to the Presidency,” June 9, 1974, American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-luncheon-the-national-citizens-committee-for-fairness-the-presidency.
“Nixon was a haunted man”: Theodore H. White, Breach of Faith: The Fall of Richard Nixon (New York: Atheneum, 1975), 9.
“The purpose of this trip is more important”: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 213.
“The president has a death wish”: Ibid., 214.
back in Washington Fred Buzhardt: Philip Shabecoff, “Buzhardt in Hospital with Pains in Chest; Condition ‘Serious,’ ” New York Times, June 14, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/14/93295358.html?pageNumber=1.
“a great guide”: W. Joseph Campbell, Getting It Wrong: Debunking the Greatest Myths in American Journalism, 2nd ed. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2017), 153.
“solved the greatest detective story”: Ibid., 154.
“He exploded”: Woodward, The Secret Man, 110.
“Who did have motive and opportunity”: Limpert, “Deep Throat.”
“Those mundane tasks”: Holland, Leak, 40.
“When we got some of the same stories”: Campbell, Getting It Wrong, 162.
“a clandestine group”: Holland, Leak, 41.
For example, a scene where Woodward and Bernstein, after their humiliating lunch: Bernstein and Woodward, All the President’s Men, 187.
according to the National Weather Service records: “Arlington County, VA Weather History: October 25, 1972,” Weather Underground, https://www.wunderground.com/history/daily/KDCA/date/1972–10–25.
“interstate transportation of obscene materials”: Tom Shales, “Scaring Off the Sex Films,” Washington Post, November 27, 1972.
“There were no ads in the Post”: Havill, Deep Truth, 87.
“You know I have a little problem”: Himmelman, Yours in Truth, 214.
Woodward, Himmelman wrote, seemed “frantic”: Ibid., 212–31.
“You can draw the picture of a horse”: Ervin, The Whole Truth, 272.
“It is no time for slow readers”: Drew, Washington Journal, 253.
“When the rest of us are all forgotten”: O’Neill, Man of the House, 375.
Republican members of Congress decried: David E. Rosenbaum, “Some in G.O.P. Say Rodino Is Biased on Impeachment,” New York Times, June 29, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/29/119732798.html?pageNumber=12.
“Things have gotten out of hand”: James M. Naughton, “Impeachment Panel Rift May Spread in Congress,” New York Times, June 30, 1974, https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/06/30/148834262.html?pageNumber=1.
“If you could do anything to help”: Breslin, How the Good Guys Finally Won, 146–48.
Chapter 51 Impeachment
“What we are trying to do is to strengthen”: Naughton, “Impeachment Panel Rift.”
Cates had believed since late November: Fields, High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 192.
In readying for their big day, Lacovara had suggested: Lacovara, “United States v. Nixon.”
“If you keep it up, I’ll show up”: Doyle, Not Above the Law, 331.
“Our brief is one of the strongest”: Ibid., 330.
“heart of our basic constitutional system”: Special Report of the Joint Committee on Congressional Operations Pursuant to Section 402(a)(2) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970, 93rd Congr. 480 (1974), https://books.google.com/books?id=guxFLsg9IPkC.
“The President is not above the law”: “The United States v. Richard M. Nixon, President, et al.,” TIME, July 22, 1974, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/printout/0,8816,942924,00.html.
“You lose me someplace”: Special Report of the Joint Committee, 519.
“I don’t give a shit”: Brinkley and Nichter, The Nixon Tapes: 1973, 368.
“The Rodino Committee released millions of words”: Sussman, The Great Cover-Up, 297.
“a giant erector set”: Donald M. Rothberg, “No Clue in Judiciary Releases as to Final Impeachment Verdict,” Greely (CO) Daily Tribune, July 11, 1974, https://www.newspapers.com/image/27293817/.
“The quantity of the evidence”: Nixon, RN, 1019.
On Thursday, John Dean took the stand: Woodward and Bernstein, The Final Days, 241.
