A Fever in the Heartland, page 38
persecution for, xxi, 86, 126, 132, 159
and recruiting Klan members, 24, 35
restrictions on, 47, 78, 86, 174
Stephenson on, 44, 64
religious bias, xviii, xxi, 14, 24, 44, 161, 169, 174, 327, 340, 345–46
Remy, William H., 243, 311
appointed prosecutor, 167–68
assembling case against Stephenson, 220–22, 230–32
background/description of, 220, 257, 304–5
and bribery evidence, 336–37
closing arguments in Stephenson trial, 304–9
convening grand jury, 331–33
and crushing Klan, 258–59, 331–33
death of, 354
and death threats, 230–31, 262
defending Oberholtzer’s character, 293–94
and final verdict in Stephenson trial, 318–22, 324
and medical experts, 286–87
need for protection, 230–31, 258, 321
Niblack working for, 335
and Oberholtzer’s dying declaration, 276–79, 284, 308
as prosecutor in Stephenson case, 257–60, 266–75, 280–81, 289, 296–98, 301–2
refusal to obey Stephenson, 168, 220–21, 257, 305
Stephenson plotting murder of, 307, 322
visiting Stephenson in jail, 350
Reomar II (yacht), 123–26, 128, 130, 133, 172, 230
Republican Party
anti-Klan forces in, 170, 173, 229
Black voters and, 163–64, 173, 177–80, 353
blaming Jews for bad press, 332
Klan members of, xv, 26, 61, 83–84, 87, 168, 170, 172–73, 179, 221, 299, 329
Klan’s influence on, xviii, 44, 133, 210, 229
national conventions of, xviii, 133, 172
and presidential elections, 18
Stephenson on, 187
and Stephenson trial, 260–61, 299
Revolutionary War, 58, 259
Reynolds, John, 8
Reynolds, Margaret, 150
Richmond, Indiana, 67–73, 109
Ridley, Caleb, 245
Rigdon, Ralph, 299–300, 306–7
Rising Tide of Color: The Threat Against White World-Supremacy, The (Stoddard), 110
Ritchie Boys, 346
Rockne, Knute, 82, 158, 160, 319
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 354
Roosevelt, Theodore, 43, 108, 163
Rowbottom, Harry, 181
Rushville, Indiana, 97, 256
Russia, 59, 107, 127, 167, 171
Ruth, Babe, 68
S
Saint Patrick’s Day (Indianapolis, 1923), 78, 80–82, 84
Salvation Army, 69
Sawyer, Reuben, 131
schools, 7, 93
Black, 6, 114, 229
eliminating Catholic schools, xvi, 131, 186, 328
Jews driven out of, 250
mandatory Bible reading in, 186
nutrition education in, 187–89, 194
segregation in, xvii, 19, 114, 229, 287, 346
teaching evolution in, 246–47
Schultze, Ed, 296–97, 299
scientific racism, 55
Scopes, John T., 246
Scopes Monkey Trial, 246–47
segregation, xvii, 345
ends with integration, 346
of federal workforce, 20, 133
in Indiana, 13–14, 46, 68–69, 114
in Indianapolis, 333, 346
and Klanswomen, 56
of neighborhoods, 74–75, 108–9, 170, 229, 287, 309, 333, 352–53
in South, 18–20
in US military, 346
See also schools: segregation in
Severin Hotel (Indianapolis), 220–21, 223, 258
Seymour, Indiana, 349–50
Shank, Lew, 170
Shapiro, Louis and Rose, 58
Sheridan, Philip H., 7
sheriffs
answering to Stephenson, 318, 322–23
bribed by Stephenson, 282
deputies of, 62–63, 181, 307, 329
Klan-backed, 307
and Klan vigilantes, 8, 85, 134
Klansmen as, 17, 47, 223, 241, 341
protecting Stephenson, 261
refusing to arrest Klansmen, 8, 100–103
Shipp, J. Thomas, 341–42
Shultz, Eunice, 207–8, 211, 213, 268–69
Simmons, William J., 27, 245
as Emperor for Life, 48–49
hires marketing genius, 23, 110
ousted from Klan, 48–49, 116
reestablishes Klan, 22–24, 59
Stephenson’s plot against, 47–49, 116
testifies before Congress, 33–34
Sissle, Noble, 147
slaveholders, 3–4, 36–38, 184–85, 210, 239, 334
slavery, 4–6, 8–10, 18–19, 38, 184–85
Smiley, Orville, 289–92
Smith, Abraham, 341–42
Smith, Al, 174–75
Smith, Asa
background of, 210, 220, 266, 271
blackmailed by Klan, 216–17
hates Klan, 210
and kidnapping/rape of Oberholtzer, 209, 211, 213
at Oberholtzer’s bedside, 215–16, 218–20, 271
Oberholtzer’s dying declaration and, 219–21, 256, 271–73, 309–10
takes on Oberholtzer case, 209–11, 215–22
as witness in Stephenson trial, 271–74
socialism, 93
South Bend, Indiana, xxiii, 29, 74, 81–82, 156–61, 319, 330
South Carolina, 10, 37–38, 249
Sparks, William
admits Oberholtzer’s dying declaration to trial, 273–74
instructs jury, 315–16
oversees Stephenson trial, 256, 281, 293–94
reputation of, 261
and Stephenson verdict/sentence, 319–20, 322
Stapleton, Ben, 180
Stephens, Alexander, 185
Stephenson, David C. “Old Man,” 248–49
abandons family, 95–96, 115–16, 214, 323, 348
admiration of, 115, 122, 205–6
admits to bribery scheme, 335–38
alcoholism of, 149, 190, 264, 266, 291
arrest/indictment of, 222–26, 230–33, 240–41, 245, 256
assaults his wives, 27–28, 64–65, 94–96, 116, 204
assaults women, xxii, 122, 264, 266
background of, xxiii, 12, 91, 92–96, 123, 143, 264
banished by Klan, 176–77, 226–27, 245, 255, 327–28
and Barr, 54, 63–64, 164–65
bribery of, 63, 179, 245, 285, 317–18, 320, 336
builds Invisible Empire, 233
celebrates political wins, 181–82, 220–21
and child support, 95–96, 214, 323
convicted for assault, 349–50
crowned Grand Dragon, 116–19, 122–23, 128, 177, 245, 323, 325
death of, 350–52
denies Oberholtzer’s charges, 215–17
descriptions of, xiii, xxi–xxiii, 12, 41, 49, 90–91, 94, 122, 264
encounter with police, 100–103, 116, 148
fabricates own background, xxiii, 91, 266, 350
feuds with Evans, 128, 130, 153, 156, 173
forms Northern Klan, 68–69, 176–77
in Grand Dragon role, 143–44, 156, 186
grand jury and, 331–33
grand plan of, 81, 91, 118–19, 146
horrific behavior of, 148–54, 198–204, 212–13
income from fees/costumes, 27, 128, 177, 337–38
influence on Klan, 267
jailed for sexual assault, 150–54
joins Klan, 12–13, 15–16
kidnaps/rapes Oberholtzer, 193–222, 226, 243, 245, 262–65, 277–78, 348
on Klan “true principles,” 88–89
as “the law,” xiv, 198, 207, 220, 243–44, 264–65, 277, 305–7, 311, 317, 344
leads Indiana chapter of Klan, xiii–xv, 30, 50, 65–66, 98, 113
legacy of, 346
legal fees of, 286
legal team of, 232, 256, 259, 262
meets Oberholtzer, xxii–xxiv, 144, 183, 274, 302
multiple fiancées of, 148–50
Oberholtzer’s case against, 218–23, 230–33
parents of, 92–94, 116
parties of, 144–47, 154, 168, 181–82, 190–92, 264, 277, 294, 313
personality of, 345
physical appearance of, xiii, 188, 190, 253, 335, 337
pledge of obedience to, 257
political ambitions of, xviii–xix, 24–26, 191
power of, xv, xxii–xxiv, 128, 135, 153–54, 200, 207, 214–15, 264, 317, 325, 330
in prison, 326–28, 348–50
relationship with Oberholtzer, 188–90
role models for, xiv, 41–42, 90–91, 188, 192, 326
sadistic behavior of, xxii, 150, 264, 266, 344
as sexual predator, 116, 243, 344, 349
speeches of, 71, 104, 108, 150, 159, 177
successful mass movement of, 65–66
top loyalists of, 62–63, 283, 285–86
tries to buy college, xxiii, 96–99, 128, 156
undercover report on, 60–61
violent tactics of, 44–45
wealth of, xxii, 50, 61, 123–24, 143, 214, 245, 330
as witness in bribery case, 337–38
wives of, 93–96, 116, 204, 213–14, 349–50
women come forward about, 231, 266
yacht, and Klan meetings, 123–26, 128, 130, 133, 166
See also Stephenson v. State trial
Stephenson, Florence Catherine, 95, 214, 348
Stephenson, Jeanette “Nettie,” 93–96, 213–14, 323
Stephenson, Violet, 26–28, 64–65, 96
Stephenson v. State trial, xxiv
appeals filed for, 321, 326, 348
Black witnesses in, 280–81, 312, 315
brings down Klan, 327, 344
charges in, 223–24, 232–33, 240–43, 262, 265, 315–17
closing arguments in, 304–16, 318
courtroom plaque and, 343–44
Imperial Wizard Evans and, 245–47
judges presiding over, 228, 240–42, 256, 261, 273
jury, 259–60, 262, 267, 273, 283–84, 298, 301, 305–9, 313–20, 344
and jury bribery attempt, 317–18, 320
jury deliberation in, 324–25
and Klan, 253–54, 266–67, 295–97, 306, 317–18, 320–21
medical experts in, 286–87, 289–92
Oberholtzer’s character discredited in, 283, 292–99, 301–2, 308, 310, 312, 315, 335
Oberholtzer’s dying declaration and, 242–43, 256, 258, 262–63, 271–75, 287, 298, 308–10, 324–25, 335
Oberholtzer’s dying declaration read in, 276–79, 284
press on, 252–53, 269, 274, 280–85, 292, 308, 320–23
prosecutors in, 257–60, 262–76, 286–87, 294–301, 324–25
reporters at, 318–21
sentencing in, 322–24, 328–29
