Canadian History for Dummies, page 1
Canadian History For Dummies®
Table of Contents
Introduction
About This Book
How This Book Is Organized
Part I: When Worlds Collide
Part II: The Rise of New France
Part III: The Fall of New France
Part IV: Canada: The Failed Republic?
Part V: The Roads to Confederation
Part VI: The End of “English” Canada
Part VII: Dark Days
Part VIII: Noisy Evolution
Part IX: Toward a One-Party Rule
Part X: The Part of Tens
Appendix: Online Resources
Icons Used In This Book
Part I: When Worlds Collide
Chapter 1: First Nations
Slow Collision
People of the Longhouse
The Great Law of Peace
Romans of the New World
Clan mothers and faithkeepers
People of the North Woods
On the coast
The canoe as Canadian icon
The wild man of the forest
A northern empire
People of the Plains
The buffalo hunt
Waste not, want not . . .
The medicine bundle
The Sun Dance
People of the Pacific Northwest
Of noblemen and slaves
The culture and philosophy of the potlatch
The impact of white society on the potlatch
Caught in Between: People of the Plateau
People of the Far North
Northern hunters
Further examples of Inuit ingenuity
Chapter 2: First Contact
The Vikings
The Diffusionists Are Coming!
The Three Big C’s
John Cabot and the cod
Cartier’s first voyage: Laying claim
Cartier’s second voyage: Down the St. Lawrence
Cartier’s third voyage: Fake as a Canadian diamond
Champlain to the rescue
The Quest for a Northwest Passage
Fool’s gold: The voyages of Martin Frobisher
The lonely fate of Henry Hudson
Rule Britannia! An Empire Founded by Fog?
The two G’s
The Beothuk
Slow death
But was it genocide?
Part II: The Rise of New France (1608–1701)
Chapter 3: The Early Years
Life and Times of Samuel Champlain
Iroquois versus Canadien: The lines are drawn
Coureurs de bois and voyageurs
The first habitant
Company of One Hundred
The Kirke brothers take Québec
The death of Champlain
Black Robes
Impact of the Jesuits
Ste. Marie Among the Hurons
Apocalypse then: The fall of Huronia
The Canadian martyrs
Meanwhile, Back in Acadia . . .
Membertou: The unsung Father of Acadia?
Argall attacks!
The Acadian Civil War
Chapter 4: Life in New France
Of Myth and Men: The Battle of Long Sault
A Royal Province
Mercantilism and triangular trade
The Great Intendant
The empire strikes back
Filles du roi
Feudalism: Canadien style
The seigneurial system
Church and State
The bishop and the widow
Mère d’Youville and the Grey Nuns
Chapter 5: The Fur Wars
A Northern Shortcut
Voyage of the Nonsuch
Here before Christ
Company of the North
North America’s first commando raid
You take the river, I’ll take the bay
A Tale of Two Travellers
“The boy Kelsey”
La Salle
Return of the Iroquois
The Lachine massacre
“For God and King!”
Phips and Frontenac
The Frontenac massacres
A monumental clash of egos
Iberville the Swashbuckler
Rampage in Avalon
Hampshire and the Pélican
Peace at Last?
Part III: The Fall of New France (1701–1766)
Chapter 6: Acadia
The Final Conquest of Acadia
The capture of Port Royal
The Iroquois come to Nova Scotia
1713: The Treaty of Utrecht
Louisbourg
White elephant?
A thriving community (in spite of everything)
Acadia: The Golden Years
The neutral French
A landscape transformed: The Acadian dikes
Cold War in Acadia
Warden of the North: The founding of Halifax
The Mi’kmaq resistance
The cold war heats up
The Expulsion of the Acadians
At Grand Pré
The voyages
“A criminal soul”
The Return of the Acadians
Chapter 7 : The Conquest
The Shooting Starts
Council at Alexandria
France’s Native allies
Early French victories
The Fall of Louisbourg
1759: The Battle for Québec
Key players
The British armada arrives
Summer of terror
On the Plains of Abraham
Endgame
Counterattack
The Battle of Restigouche
Amherst arrives — finally
The Battle of Signal Hill
Chapter 8 : Aftermath
Canada under British Military Rule
1763: The Treaty of Paris
The Pontiac Rebellion
The great alliance
Biological warfare
The Royal Proclamation
Canada under Civil Rule
The birth of English Canada?
An ominous prediction
Part IV: Canada: The Failed Republic? (1766–1838)
Chapter 9: Canada and the American Revolution
The Pot Boils Over
The Québec Act
“Join us!”
1775: The Invasion of Canada
The capture of Montréal
The siege of Québec City
Nova Scotia: The Fourteenth Colony?
A Tale of Two Islands
P.E.I.: “Land of the absentee landlord”
Newfoundland: “The neglected outpost”
The Loyalists
The great exodus
The Black Loyalists
New Brunswick: The Loyalist province
The Treaty of Paris (not to be confused with the Treaty of Paris)
The Revolution and the Iroquois Confederacy
Upper Canada Is Created
The Constitutional Act of 1791
The Father of Upper Canada
Simcoe vs. the slave trade
Osgoode and Monk
Into the Interior
The North West Company
Jay’s Treaty
The Great Rendezvous
On the Pacific Coast
James Cook
The Nootka confrontation
Vancouver and Quadra
Chapter 10: The War of 1812
The Lead-up to War
The Louisiana Purchase
Governor Craig’s “Reign of Terror”
Overland to the Pacific
“Free trade and sailors’ rights!”
A mere matter of marching
The War in Upper Canada
Brock and Tecumseh: “Walking tall”
“Join us!” (Part two)
The capture of Detroit
The capture of York (Toronto)
Laura Secord: “The Americans are coming!”
The War in Lower Canada
The Battle of Chateauguay
The Battle of Crysler’s Farm
Along the Seacoast
Shannon and the Chesapeake
Burn, Washington! Burn!
The Battle of New Orleans
So Who Won?
Lord Selkirk and the Pemmican Wars
Chapter 11: The Rebellions of 1837
NWC + HBC = Monopoly
Lead-up to Rebellion
Political faultlines
Government by clique
The Rebellion in Lower Canada
Papineau the patriote
The Battle of St-Denis
The Battle of St-Eustache
Les frères chasseurs
“Lord Satan”
The Rebellion in Upper Canada
Mackenzie the muckraker
“Galloping Head”
Montgomery’s Tavern
“Remember the Caroline!”
So What Was the Point?
Part V: The Roads to Confederation(1838–1891)
Chapter 12: The Fight for Responsible Government
Lord Durham: Mission Impossible
“Radical Jack” tours the colonies
The Durham Report
“Defeats as glorious as victories”
The Act of Union
Triumph of the Moderates
LaFontaine and Baldwin
The Montr al riots
Joseph Howe and the bloodless coup
United Canada: A report card on unity
Gold Colony: British Columbia Is Born
Fort Victoria: An island toehold
“54.40 or fight!”
Gold on the Fraser
The Cariboo Road
The hangin’ judge
Responsible government? In B.C.??
Chapter 13: The Confederation Waltz
Causes of Confederation
The U.S. Civil War
The impending end of free trade
The railway revolution
Stalemate in the Province of Canada
The great coalition
Blueprint for a Nation
The Charlottetown Conference
The Québec Conference: 72 Resolutions
Reaction and Resistance
Fenians to the rescue!
The BNA Act is passed
Canada’s first separatist movement
The Fathers of Confederation
Chapter 14: From Sea to Sea
Growing Pains
Louis Riel and the Red River Resistance
B.C. comes onboard
The numbered treaties
The Mounties
P.E.I. joins Canada
The Pacific Scandal
The Return of John A.
“Honest Sandy”
The National Policy
The great railway
Mowat and Mercier
The North-West Rebellion
Gabriel Dumont and the return of Louis Riel
Battle of Duck Lake
Poundmaker and Big Bear
CPR to the rescue!
The Battle of Batoche
The execution of Louis Riel
John A.’s Last Campaign
Part VI: The End of “English” Canada(1891–1929)
Chapter 15: “Sunny Ways”: The Laurier Years
Laurier: Re-Inventing Canada
The Manitoba School Question
“Peasants in sheepskin coats”
Alberta and Saskatchewan
Klondike Gold
The Alaska boundary dispute
Bernier to Dickins: Canada’s northern colony
Canada and the Empire
“An everlasting ‘No’ ”
The Boer War
Free trade and a tinpot navy
Chapter 16: Borden and the Great War
Marching Off to War
“Back by Christmas!”
Enemy aliens
Gas attack at Ypres
Battle of the Somme
Vimy Ridge
Passchendaele
In the air
The Conscription Crisis
Union government
“The Prussians next door”
Canada’s 100 Days
Breakthrough at Amiens
November 11
Canada and the Empire: Revised
“Transforming the British Empire”
Canada and the League of Nations
The political impact of World War I: A recap
Chapter 17: On the Homefront
The Labour Movement
One Big Union
The Winnipeg General Strike
The Women’s Movement
“The demon rum”
“Hyenas in petticoats”
Angels or equals?
The Persons Case
King the Conciliator
The King–Byng thing
“Not a single Indian remaining”
Pier 21
Part VII: Dark Days(1929–1959)
Chapter 18: The Dirty Thirties
The Great Depression
“Bonfire Bennett” to the rescue!
“On to Ottawa”
A deathbed conversion?
“King or Chaos!”
Political Upheaval
The red menace
The CCF and the Regina Manifesto
“Bible Bill”
Union Nationale
Mitch and Duff
Federal–provincial relations (yawn)
Chapter 19: World War II
On the Battlefield
Hong Kong
Dieppe
Sicily
The Italian campaign
D-Day
The Scheldt
To the Rhine — and into Holland
Endgame
On the Homefront
Conscription crisis (part two)
Canada and the Holocaust
Japanese Canadians and the war
Chapter 20: Canada and the Cold War
The Post-War Years
Keynesian economics
“The Man in the Mask”
Displaced persons
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The King legacy
Canada as a Middle Power
NATO
Newfoundland joins Canada (or is it the other way around?)
The Indian Act of 1951
Korea: Canada’s forgotten war
Missile trackers amid the tundra
Keeping the peace: The Suez Crisis
Farewell to Uncle Louis
Diefenbaker: Renegade in Power
The 15-percent promise
The Arrow
The Canadian Bill of Rights
Farewell to the Chief
Part VIII: Noisy Evolution(1960–1993)
Chapter 21: The Battle for Québec
The Quiet Revolution
Pearson: Peacemaker as PM
The Vietnam War: “You peed on my rug!”
Redefining Canada
Canada’s flag
The status of women
1967: The last good year?
“Vive le Québec libre!”
B&B and “the Three Wise Men”
The Philosopher King
Trudeaumania
The Official Languages Act of 1969
The White Paper on Indian Affairs
The October Crisis
Multiculturalism: The new ideal?
Bill 22
The PQ in power
Bill 101
The Berger Commission
Sleeping with the elephant: The rise of economic nationalism
Joe who?
Chapter 22: A Charter Country
Round Two
The 1980 referendum
The Constitution Act of 1982
The impact of the Charter
Western alienation, or “that #%@!* Trudeau!”
The Trudeau Legacy
Chapter 23: “Yankee Doodle Dandy”: The Mulroney Years
“Canada Is Open for Business!”
The Shamrock Summit
Free trade and the GST
On a World Stage
Whose passage?
The last cod
Native Land Claims
James Bay
The Penner Report
The Sechelt Band Agreement
The Lubicon Cree
The Constitutional Can of Worms
“A distinct society”
The Meech Lake Accord
Opposition to Meech
Bill 178
“No, Mr. Speaker”
The Charlottetown Accord
The West Wants In and the East Wants Out
RCAP and the Shoot-out at the Oka Corral
The Voter Revolt of 1993
The Mulroney Legacy
Part IX: Toward a One-Party Rule(1993–2005)
Chapter 24: The Chrétien Era
The End of Canada?
The 1995 Referendum
Plan B
The Supreme Court ruling
The Clarity Act
NAFTA: From Eaton’s to Wal-Mart?
Native Settlements in the 1990s
The scandal of Canada’s residential schools
The Nisga’a Agreement
Nunavut
APEC and the Pepper Spray
Hard Right: The Canadian Alliance
