The Orphic Voice, page 43
Ascham, Roger, 72, 75; Toxophilus, 71
Auden, W. H., 334
Bacon, Francis, 5, 50, 56, 63, 68, 76, 77, 79, 91, 113, 116, 117, 142, 157, 159, 166, 171, 175, 179, 180, 183–85, 187, 188, 192, 194–96, 202, 203, 206, 215–18, 223, 224, 243, 247, 263, 299, 334, 348, 354, 356, 357, 364, 390, 398; Orpheus myth in, 57–58, 59, 61, 72, 75, 82–86, 89, 100–1, 103, 142; characteristics of work, 59–60; disagreement on nature of his method, 60; the myth-maker, 61; a poet who did not trust poetry, 62, 110; comments on disrepute of myth, 71; time in, 101, 105; poetry as learning, 106; on philosophy, 107–10; betrayal of poetry, 109–10; doctrine of forms, 134–36; attacks Aristotelian logic, 144–45; Abecedarium Naturae, 146; The Advancement of Learning, 26, 84, 94, 95, 106, 107, 117, 120, 135, 146; Catalogue of Particular Histories by Titles, 121, 127; Cogitationes de Scientia Humana, 126; De Augmentis Scientiarum, 71, 74–75, 81, 84, 106, 120, 121, 125, 135, 143, 146; De Principiis, 145; De Sapientia Veterum, 58, 82, 92–96, 98, 103, 108, 109, 147; Descriptio Globi Intellectualis, 102, 109, 120, 124; Essays, 83; Filum Labyrinthi sive Formula Inquisitionis, 98, 126; Historia Ventorum, 118; Idols of the Theatre, 109–10; Magna Instauratio, 57, 62, 83, 97–99, 103, 106, 118, 119, 144, 146–47; New Atlantis, 102, 180; Novum Organum, 16, 57, 75, 100–3, 109, 118, 119, 135, 136, 141–44, 148, 150, 155, 180, 182, 295, 304; Parasceve, 118, 120, 123, 125, 126, 128, 147; Sylva Sylvarum, 97; Temporis Partus Masculus, 101, 108; Valerius Terminus, 97, 102, 104–5, 134, 136, 146
Barzun, Jacques, 50
Behaviorists, 11–12
Beowulf, 305
Bergson, Henri, 45
Bertalanffy, L. von, 10
Biology, 10, 312; from the poet’s point of view, 42–48; characteristic of biological thinking, 43; needs poetry, 44–45; of thinking, 287–88, 325–26, 336, 402
Blake, William, 50, 242; The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, 300; Milton, 297
Boas, George, Our New Ways of Thinking, 50
Body. See Mind Boisserée, Sulpiz, 229
Bonstetten, Charles Victor de, 199
Botany, 253–54; Coleridge on, 231
Buffon, Georges L. L. de, 10, 213
Butler, Samuel, Evolution Old and New, 221
Cardan, Jerome, 187
Carlyle, Thomas, 221
Cassirer, Ernst, 15, 16, 18, 50, 182, 183
Caxton, William, Eneydos, 132
Cervantes, Miguel de, Don Quixote, 356
Chapman, George, 85, 89, 91; Bussy D’Ambois, 87; A Justification of Perseus and Andromeda, 86; The Shadow of Night, 88
Chardin, Teilhard de, 44, 49, 195
Christian theology, 66
Church, Dean, 60
Cipher, 88, 89, 186. See also Hieroglyphic
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 5, 113, 138, 150–54, 179, 182, 185, 186, 188, 205, 221, 230, 231, 251, 262, 282, 289, 297, 299, 304, 313, 314, 345, 348, 367; Aids to Reflection, 350; The Friend, 138, 350; Kubla Khan, 240; Preface to Lyrical Ballads, 289–91; To William Wordsworth, 291–92
Collingwood, R. G., 182, 183
Comte, Auguste, 18, 45, 195; Cours de philosophie positive, 16
Cornelius Agrippa, 187
Cowley, Abraham, 60, 180; A Proposition for the Advancement of Experimental Philosophy, 180
Croce, Benedetto, 182, 184
Cuvier, Georges L. C. F. D., 10, 194; Le Régne Animal distribué d’après son organisation, 196, 197
Dance, 399–400; and ritual, 29
Dante, 187, 283, 299, 305, 334; Divine Comedy, 302
Darwin, Charles, 31, 173, 174, 182, 200, 334; The Descent of Man, 215–16; Origin of Species, 215–18
Darwin, Erasmus, 5, 50, 80, 171, 172, 179, 199, 218, 220, 221, 223, 225, 231, 236, 255; on poetry and science, 7; Orpheus myth in, 173–76, 178, 247, 251–52; The Botanic Garden, 173, 220, 237–38, 241, 242, 244; “The Cultivation of Broccoli,” 238–39; The Economy of Vegetation, 224, 241, 242; The Loves of the Plants, 196, 208–9, 224, 228, 241, 245; Phytologia, 209, 214, 220, 227, 238; The Temple of Nature, 173, 220, 224, 238, 240, 244–52, 360; Zoonomia, 200, 215, 220
Day, Thomas, Sandford and Merton, 220
De Quincey, Thomas, 355
Death, 393–95
Delille, Jacques, Les Trois Régnes de la nature, 196–98
Deucalion, 358
Dialectic, 30–33
Dream, 75, 106, 109; Bottom’s, 114, 133, 149; in Shakespeare, 110–14; in The Prelude, 355–58
Eckermann, Johann Peter, 221, 260
Edgeworth, Richard Lovell, 220
Eleusinian Mysteries, 174, 175
Eliot, T. S., 8
Ellis, Robert Leslie, 60
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 5, 171, 185, 202, 221, 222, 362; on Swedenborg, 186–90; Essays, 186; “Man Thinking,” 192; “Nature,” 186–87, 192, 206; Representative Men, 186, 221–22
Empedocles, 187
Epic poetry, 302–8, 371; as postlogic, 301–4; The Prelude as, 302–9, 343, 356
Euclid, 357
Eurydice: in Orpheus myth, 3, 51, 79, 88, 174, 209, 223, 251, 309, 310, 323, 326, 392; in Rilke, 329–31, 332–33, 392–93; in Wordsworth, 332
Falk, reports Goethe conversation, 227
Falstaff, on honor, 25
Farrington, Benjamin, 60
Faustus, 125
Fechner, Gustav Theodor, Nanna, 200–1
Form: and content, 39–40; in language, not separable from content, 39–40; as poetry, 139; as metamorphosis, 348. See also Formal systems, Forms
Formal systems, of languages, five types of, 29, 39
Forms, 33, 36–37; Bacon’s concept of, 116, 117, 119, 134–39, 141–43, 154; in Midsummer Night’s Dream, 139–41; in The Prelude, 348, 352–53, 367. See also Gestalten
Fowler, Thomas, 60
Frazer, Sir James George, 378; The Golden Bough, 17, 334, 335
Freud, Sigmund, 209, 331–34, 378, 393
Fuseli, Henry, 242
Galileo, 68, 147
Galton, Samuel, 220
Genius, 260–62, 283–84
Geometry, 350
Germany: biology and philosophy in, 43; Shakespeare in, 179
Gestalt psychology, 9, 10–12, 45, 50
Gestalten, 11, 37, 203, 274
Gilgamesh, 305
Goethe, Christiane von, 267
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 5, 8, 45, 50, 51, 65, 80, 111, 150, 151, 171, 172, 179, 182, 199, 203, 218–23, 227, 228, 236, 251, 253, 286, 299, 312–14, 327, 341, 353, 362, 372, 377, 379, 380, 398; on poetry and science, 7; main theme as biologist, 10; on Gestalt, 11; Orpheus myth in, 176–79; travels to Italy, 257, to Switzerland, 257–58; his behavioral morphology of poetic genius, 260–61; five great powers of organic life, 274; concept of Urpflanze, 177, 178, 225, 264, 274; An Attempt to Explain the Morphology of Plants, 262; “Atmosphäre,” 255–57; Dichtung und Wahrheit, 178, 228, 259; Episteln, 259; Farbenlehre, 262; Geschichte meines botanischen Studiums, 223, 226–27, 259; Gott und Welt, 254, 255–56, 266; “Howards Ehrengedächtnis,” 255; Italienische Reise, 219, 225–26, 257, 264, 380; Kunst und Altertum, 269; Metamorphose der Pflanzen, 200, 220, 223, 254, 262–65, 266, 267, 381; Metamorphose der Tiere, 263–65, 266, 268; Morphologie, 178; Römische Elegien, 220; Selbstschilderung, 230, 258–59; Shakespeare und kein Ende, 153; Die Skelette der Nagethiere, 264; Urworte: Orphisch, 177, 178, 265, 266, 269–74, 360; Venezianische Epigramme, 380; Die Wahlverwandschaften, 262, 380; Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, 380; “Wohl zu Merken,” 255
Golding, Arthur, 80
Gosson, Stephen, Schoole of Abuse, 68
Grammar, 34–36, 285–86; complexity of, 34; mythological, 35; reflexives, 40
Gray, Thomas, 199
Greeks, 175; biology began with, 46; mythology of, 64; science of, 103
Hallier, Hans, 200
Hamann, Johann Georg, 182
Hayata (Japanese botanist), 200
Hazlitt, William, 297
Heraclitus, 187
Herder, Johann Gottfried von, 16, 150, 182, 230; Aelteste Urkunde des Menschengeschlechts, 177; Über der Ursprung der Sprache, 178; Von deutscher Art und Kunst, 142, 153
Hieroglyphic, 84–86, 97, 98, 100, 148, 189–90
Hölderlin, Friedrich, 64–66, 67, 70, 312, 379; Der Einzige, 65; Die scheinheiligen Dichter, 66; Rilkes Sonette an Orpheus, 335–36
Holthusen, Hans-Egon, Rilkes Sonette an Orpheus, 335–36
Homer, 72, 175, 356, 362; Iliad, 302; Odyssey, 342
Hooke, Robert, 5, 138, 147–49, 181
Howard, Luke, 255, 256
Hugo, Victor, 5, 150, 151, 179, 286, 288; Shakespeare, 280–85
Hulewicz, Witold von, 373, 375
Humboldt, F. H. A., Baron von, 187
Hutchinson, Evelyn, 49, 50
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 215, 216, 218
Imagination: vs. intellect, 19, 25, 30; Hugo on, 283–84; Puttenham on, 76; Theseus on, 115–16; in The Prelude, 369
Intellect, vs. imagination, 19, 25, 30
Jalabert, Buffon’s letter to, 213
James, William, 60
Johnson, Samuel, 220
Jung, Karl, 332, 394
Jussieu, Adrien de, 194; The Elements of Botany, 213–14
Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, 194; Genera Plantarum, 213
Keats, John, 50, 297, 393; extract from Letters, 370; On Sitting Down to Read King Lear Once Again, 156
Kepler, Johannes, 187, 201, 216
Kippenberg, Anton, 380
Knoop, Wera Ouckama, 375, 393, 400
Krause, Ernst, 220
Kretschmar, Eberhard, 381; Goethe und Rilke, 380
Lamb, Charles, 297
Lamarck, Chevalier de, 45, 194; Philosophie zoologique, 43
Lamartine, Alphonse, 286
Langer, Suzanne, 49
Language, 6, 29, 30, 34–35; as poetry, 6, 7–10, 30, 287, 402; as science, 6, 7–10, 12, 30, 44, 287; surpasses its users’ power of exegesis, 22; a misunderstood instrument, 23; as activity, 27; myth in process of, 35; in Mid-summer Night’s Dream, 131–32; nature as, 151, 183, 206, 222; in King Lear, 164–65. See also Formal systems, Words
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von, 187
Leishman, J. B., 314
Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien, 31, 45, 81, 335; Les Fonctions mentales, 17–18
Linnaeus, Carolus, 5, 47–48, 50, 172, 173, 181, 186, 188, 192–93, 195–99, 208–10, 213–15, 217, 218, 223–28, 230, 231, 236, 251, 253, 255, 259, 263, 266, 267, 272, 312; Deliciae Naturae, 195; Philosophia Botanica, 211, 212; Systema Naturae, 191, 211–12
Linus, 72
Logic, 39, 369; as mythologizing activity, 38; Bacon’s proposed reform of, 116, 117, 119, 143–49, 150, 157; in King Lear, 159–61, 164–65; symbolic, 193; a language of nature, 358
Logos, 70, 324
London, 359
Love, in Goethe, 267–68, 271, 273; in Novalis, 208, 209; in Shakespeare, 112–13; intellectual, in The Prelude, 369
Loves of the Triangles, 173, 240
Lucian, 21
Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 60
Maenads, in myth of Orpheus, 3, 333, 402
Maistre, Joseph Maria de, 60, 61, 194
Mallarmé, Stéphane, 5, 32, 273–74, 282, 287, 288, 325, 376; Autobiographie, 280, 281; Un Coup de dés, 284
Malory, Sir Thomas, 308
Marx, Karl, Das Kapital, 182
Mathematics, 7, 8, 10, 29, 36, 38, 39, 44; vs. words, 19, 25. See also Geometry
Metamorphosis, 229–30, 348, 360, 388, 396–97; in Rilke, 377–83. See also Goethe, Ovid
Metaphor, 7, 9, 26, 31, 32, 39; importance of, 6
Methodology, 4, 257, 274, 289, 291, 293, 339, 345–46, 348, 350–51, 359, 360–61, 369, 402, 404
Michelet, Jules, 182, 183
Milton, John, 5, 50, 68, 80, 179, 231, 334, 341, 356; Orpheus myth in, 69, 300; At a Solemn Music, 324; Il Penseroso, 69, L’Allegro, 69, 326; Lycidas, 69; Paradise Lost, 69, 70, 251, 294, 297, 300, 302, 303, 307–9, 341, 344
Mind: vs. body, 25, 36–37, 326; body-mind as generator of forms, 28; and language, 34–35
Moorman, Mary, William Wordsworth, 308
Morphology, 172, 199, 201, 255, 260, 261, 355
Müller, Max, 17
Murry, John Middleton, 49, 50; Metabiology, 50
Musaeus, 72
Music and rhythm, 29
Myth, mythology, 7, 27, 35, 38–41, 46, 198, 377; importance of, 6; modern use of word, 15–17; Bacon’s use of, 57; as the activity between mind and language in poetry, 57; truth of, 67–70; three ways of studying, 82–84; as hieroglyphic or cipher, 84–86; in Chapman, 87, 89; in Shakespeare, 88–92; in Bacon, 92–99; in King Lear, 158–59; as interchange of nature and thought through language, 187; Renan’s view, 285; Shelley’s use of, 298–99; in The Prelude, 344–45. See also Orpheus myth
Natural history: Bacon’s project for, 116, 118–19, 120–21, 133, 151–52, 155–56; Linnaeus’ view of, 191
Natural phenomena, in Midsummer Night’s Dream, 121–22
Nature: as theme of Midsummer Night’s Dream, 119; unity of art and, 124–25; Bacon’s “inquisition” of, 126–27; as language, 151, 206, 222; seen as language and myth, 183; in King Lear, 155–57, 163
Newman, John Henry, 68; The Grammar of Assent, 34
Newton, Sir Isaac, 283
Noah, 358
Novalis, 5, 168, 184, 201–2, 221, 394, 399; Fragmente, 203; Heinrich von Ofterdingen, 208; Die Lehrlinge zu Sais, 202–8, 209
Oken, Lorenz, 187
Orpheus, 8, 26, 187, 310, 319, 321, 323, 326, 330, 335, 360; patron of discovery, 20; song in King Henry VIII, 56; favorite figure of English Renaissance, 57; fusion of poetry and philosophy, 202. See also Orpheus myth
Orpheus myth: three parts to, 3; in various authors, 5; as tradition to be traced, 5, 22; concerned with power and fate of poetry, 40–41; as reflection of myth in its own mirror, 41; poetry thinking about itself, 47; poetry and natural history meet in, 48; as imaginative framework for book, 51; in Bacon, 57–58, 59, 61, 72, 75, 82–86, 89, 100–1, 103, 127, 142; in Shakespeare, 58–59, 91, 128; in Milton, 69, 300, 334; in Sprat, 72; in Sidney, 72; in Puttenham, 76; in Chapman, 87; in Erasmus Darwin, 173–76, 178, 247, 251–52; in Goethe, 176–79; in Ovid, 233, 235; in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, 279 ff.; in Wordsworth, 309–10, 316–27, 335–36, 338–70; in Rilke, 327–36, 376–86, 388–403
Orphic: “casualties,” 68; cult, 233; genius, 171–72, 287; journey, 309, 310, 323 ff., 327, 333; method, see Methodology; mind, 172, 209, 221–23, 231, 241, 243, 254, 257, 259, 304, 312, 371; power, 318, 319; quest, 323; question, 4, 6, 289, 291, 293, 297, 305; search, 327; spirit, in eighteenth century, 179; tradition, 259, 275, 286, 288, 352, 362, 370, 373; vision, 190, 206, 370; voice, 203, 280, 300, 309, 310, 356, 362, 364, 404, 405, degrees of, 181
Ovid, 57, 79, 80, 88, 110, 175, 186, 228, 230, 231, 244, 245, 255, 266, 267, 269, 295, 312, 348, 362–64, 379, 381, 397; Orpheus myth in, 3, 233, 235; Metamorphoses, 80, 138, 185, 229, 231–36, 247, 251, 252, 268, 273, 283, 323, 360–61, 390, 402
Oxford English Dictionary, quoted, 132
Parable, in Bacon, 100, 103
Paracelsus, 187
Paul, Saint, 104
Pentateuch, 229
Philology, 34, 285–86; according to Vico, 24
Pico della Mirandola, 64, 65, 67, 70, 75, 79; De Dignitate Hominis, 65
Plato, 108, 175, 187
Plutarch, 187
Poe, Edgar Allan, 85, 274; on poetry and science, 7; Eureka, 61, 62, 262, 284; Mellonta Tauta, 62
Poetic genius, Goethe’s comments on, 260–61. See also Genius
Poetry, 7, 13–19, 22, 39, 288; power of, 3–5; language as, 6, 7–10, 30, 287, 402; contemporary, 8, 51; vs. science, 19, 25, 30; relation between science and, 289–91; puts language to full use, 46; usefulness, 46–47; truth the object of, 66–67; truth of, 71–72; and philosophy, 72–74, 109–10, 202; as learning, 106, 109; Bacon’s view of, 106–9; the first natural speech, 183; as living activity, 259; genius as, 283; Renan’s view, 285; as postlogic, 405, see also Postlogic. See also Epic poetry
Poincaré, Henri, 18, 284
Polanyi, Michael, 49, 50, 193, 221; Personal Knowledge, 22, 32, 40
Postlogic, 57, 105, 123, 124, 126, 133, 148–50, 153–55, 164, 166, 168, 171, 184, 195, 203, 213, 214, 216–18, 224, 227, 235, 243, 244, 254, 262, 274, 284, 286, 287, 301, 335, 347, 348, 355, 358, 359, 364, 365, 369, 392, 400, 402, 404, 405
Pound, Ezra, 80
Priestley, Joseph, 220
Proteus myth, 126
Prynne, William, Histriomastix, 68
Psychology, 64, 288, 312, 331–36, 402. Gestalt, see Gestalt psychology
Puritans, 68
Puttenham, 284; Orpheus myth in, 76; The Arte of English Poesie, 71, 76
Pythagoras, 175, 187, 233
Quadrivium, 73, 126
Ralegh, Sir Walter, History of the World, 132
Rawley, Dr., 97
Ray, John, 191, 212; The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of Creation, 199
Read, Sir Herbert, 49; Studies in Romantic Poetry, 50
Religion, 68, 368
Renaissance, English, 5, 50, 57, 64
Renan, Joseph Ernest, 5, 17, 171, 179, 282, 288; Caliban, 286, 287; De l’Origine du langage, 178, 287; L’Avenir de la science, 45, 68, 182, 194, 281, 285–88; L’Eau de Jouvence, 286; Vie de Jésus, 286, 287
Reynolds, Henry, 81; Mythomystes, 77–80, 107
Rhetoric, 30–33
Richards, I. A., Science and Poetry, 7
Rilke, Rainer Maria, 5, 51, 80, 221, 281, 282, 310–15; Orpheus myth in poetry, 327–36, 376–86, 388–403; Aus dem Nachlass des Grafen C. W., 373; Duineser Elegien, 311, 314, 372, 373, 394; Gegen-Strophen, 392; Malte Laurids Brigge, 380; Neue Gedichte, 327, 376, 380; Orpheus. Eurydike. Hermes, 327–34, 375, 392, 403; “Solang du Selbstgeworfnes fangst,” 383–84; Sonette an Orpheus, 50, 280, 281, 314, 315, 325, 331, 336, 371–80, 383, 387, 388–403; Stundenbuch, 380; Ur-Geräusch, 381, 384; “Wann wird, wann wird, wann wird es genügen,” 385; Wendung, 381–83
Robertson, J. M., 60
Romanticism, 282
Rome: in Rilke, 395; mythology of, 64
Rosicrucianism, Darwin’s myths of, 242
Ross, Sir Ronald, 201
Royal Society, 74, 138, 180, 199
